Faculty of Clinical Sciences

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Browsing Faculty of Clinical Sciences by Author "Abbiyesuku, F."

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    Open Access
    Agouti-related protein promoter variant associated with leanness and decreased risk for diabetes in West Africans.
    (Nature Research, 2006) Bonilla, C.; Panguluri, R.K.; Taliaferro-Smith, L.; Argyropoulos, G.; Chen, G.; Adeyemo, A.A.; Amoah, A.; Owusu, S.; Acheampong, J.; Agyenim-Boateng, K.; Eghan, B.A. Jr; Oli, J.; Okafor, G.; Abbiyesuku, F.; Johnson, T.; Rufus, T.; Fasanmade, O.; Chen, Y.; Collins, F.S.; Dunston, G.M.; Rotimi, C.; Kittles, R.A.
    OBJECTIVE: The role of the central melanocortin system in the development of obesity has been extensively studied. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within several candidate genes have been associated with food intake and obesity-related phenotypes; however, few of these associations have been replicated. SNPs in the agouti-related protein (AGRP) gene coding (Ala67Thr, 199G/A) and promoter (-38C/T) have been reported to be associated with body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM) and percent body fat, in populations of European and African descent. In this study, we evaluated the association between the functional AGRP -38C/T promoter SNP and weight-related traits, namely BMI, FM and fat-free mass (FFM), as well as diabetes status. DESIGN: An association study of the AGRP -38C/T SNP and indices of obesity and diabetes status. SUBJECTS: A well-characterized population of 538 West Africans from Ghana and Nigeria recruited in the AADM (Africa America Diabetes Mellitus) study (mean age 52 years, 41.3% males, 71% diabetic). MEASUREMENTS: Genotyping of the AGRP -38C/T SNP, BMI, FM, FFM and fasting plasma glucose. RESULTS: Women carrying two copies of the variant T allele had significantly lower BMI (OR=0.47; 95% CI, 0.25-0.87). Also, men with at least one copy of the variant T allele were over two times less likely to be diabetic than other men (OR=0.44; 95% CI, 0.22-0.89). CONCLUSION: Our results replicate previous findings and implicate the AGRP -38C/T SNP in the regulation of body weight in West Africans.
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    Open Access
    A Genome-Wide Search for Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes in West Africans: The Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) Study
    (American Diabetes Association, 2004) Rotimi, C.N.; Chen, G.; Adeyemo, A.A.; Furbert-Harris, P.; Parish-Gause, D.; Zhou, J.; Berg, K.; Adegoke, O.; Amoah, A.; Owusu, S.; Acheampong, J.; Agyenim-Boateng, K.; Eghan, B.A. Jr; Oli, J.; Okafor, G.; Ofoegbu, E.; Osotimehin, B.; Abbiyesuku, F.; Johnson, T.; Rufus, T.; Fasanmade, O.; Kittles, R.; Daniel, H.; Chen, Y.; Dunston, G.; Collins, F.S.
    The incidence of type 2 diabetes is growing rapidly, not only in developed countries but also worldwide. We chose to study type 2 diabetes in West Africa, where diabetes is less common than in the U.S., reasoning that in an environment where calories are less abundant, incident cases of type 2 diabetes might carry a proportionately greater genetic component. Through the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study, we carried out a genome-wide linkage analysis of type 2 diabetes in a cohort of 343 affected sibling pairs (691 individuals) enrolled from five West African centers in two countries (Ghana: Accra and Kumasi; Nigeria: Enugu, Ibadan, and Lagos). A total of 390 polymorphic markers were genotyped, and multipoint linkage analysis was conducted using the GENEHUNTER-PLUS and ASM programs. Suggestive evidence of linkage was observed in four regions on three chromosomes (12, 19, and 20). The two largest logarithm of odds scores of 2.63 and 1.92 for chromosomes 20q13.3 and 12q24, respectively, are particularly interesting because these regions have been reported to harbor diabetes susceptibility genes in several other populations and ethnic groups. Given the history of forced migration of West African populations during the slave trade, these results should have considerable relevance to the study of type 2 diabetes in African Americans.