Ophthalmology- Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Ophthalmology- Scholarly Publications by Author "Idowu, O.O"

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    Open Access
    Practice of external ocular photography among Ophthalmologists in Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa
    (Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2018) Aribaba, O.T; Idowu, O.O; Musa, K.O; Abikoye, T.M; Onyekwelu, O.M; Onakoya, A.O; Akinsola, F.B
    Background: External ocular photography (EOP) has become an essential tool in the day-to-day practice of ophthalmology as it entails the imaging of the external eye, ocular adnexa, face, and the anterior segment of the eye. The aim of this study was to assess the practice of EOP among ophthalmologists in Nigeria with a view to providing baseline information that will be useful in the advancement of ophthalmic practice. Materials and Methods: An online cross-sectional survey among practicing ophthalmologists in Nigeria. Information regarding reasons for external photography, type of camera, ownership of camera and barriers to external photography were obtained. The data obtained were analysed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 software for Windows (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Results: A total of 183 out of 355 ophthalmologists completed the survey (51.5% response rate), with a mean age of 43.9 ± 8.1 years. Of the respondents, 84.7% use EOP in their practice with 53.6% making use of smartphones. Indications for the use of EOP were documentation (71.0%), teaching purposes (54.2%), patient’s communication (47.1%), and surgical/treatment planning (45.8%). Among the users of EOP, 87.1% obtained consent and only 5% use written informed consent. There is an association between obtaining consent and younger years in practice (P = 0.005). Conclusion: The use of EOP is high among ophthalmologists in Nigeria and with its increasing popularity comes the need for ethical and medico-legal considerations, especially in oculoplastic practices. Most importantly, whenever the effective concealment of patient’s identity and privacy cannot be guaranteed during clinical photography, the use of oral consent may be inadequate. Keywords: External ocular photography, Nigeria, ophthalmologist, practice, Sub-Saharan Africa
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    Open Access
    Presbyopia and Near Spectacle Correction Coverage among Public School Teachers in Ifo Township, South-west Nigeria
    (Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal, 2016) Idowu, O.O; Aribaba, O.T; Onakoya, A.O; Rotimi-Samuel, A; Musa, K.O; Akinsola, F.B
    Background: Presbyopia is an age-related loss of lens accommodation resulting in difficulty in performing near task with attendant effect on the quality of life. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of presbyopia and presbyopic spectacle correction coverage among public school teachers in Ifo township, with a view to providing a baseline information that could be useful for advocacy and planning appropriate intervention. Study Design: The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: Six hundred public school teachers aged 30 years and above were examined in 25 clusters using a multistage random sampling technique with probability proportional to size. Questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographic data, sources of spectacle and barriers to spectacle use. All participants underwent a standardised protocol including visual acuity assessment (distance and near acuity), anterior and posterior segment examinations and refraction. Results: Six hundred teachers were examined with an age range of 30–61 years. The mean age was 44.7 ± 7.5 years and the male to female ratio was 1:2.2. The prevalence of presbyopia was 81.3% and 38.5% of the presbyopic teachers did not have presbyopic correction. However, the average age of onset of presbyopia was earlier in females 33 years compared to 36 years observed in males, although not statistically significant (P = 0.88). The presbyopic correction coverage was 61.5%. One hundred and eighty-six (62%) presbyopic teachers obtained their spectacle from opticians, and the main barriers to the use of near vision spectacle were lack of awareness (23.7%) and cost (13.7%). Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of presbyopia among public school teachers in Ifo town, South-West Nigeria, but less presbyopic spectacle correction coverage. Keywords: Presbyopia, school teachers, spectacle coverage
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    Open Access
    Spectrum of Childhood Strabismus seen at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
    (Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2017) Musa, K.O; Ikuomenisan, S.J; Idowu, O.O; Salami, M.O; Olowoyeye, A.O
    Background: Strabismus is the misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes. It may lead to the development of amblyopia, impaired reading performance, absent or reduced binocular single vision as well as reduced self-esteem. Objectives: To describe the spectrum of childhood strabismus seen at Guinness Eye Centre of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria with a view to determining the most common type of strabismus as well as associated probable risk factors. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study of all new patients below the age of 16 years who were diagnosed to have strabismus (squint) at the Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital between January, 2012 and December, 2015. Their case files were retrieved and relevant information extracted. Information obtained included age at presentation, gender, duration of symptoms before presentation, presenting visual acuity and family history of strabismus in first degree relatives. Also, type of strabismus, extent of deviation, refraction, ocular and systemic comorbidities, pregnancy, delivery as well as developmental history were extracted. Results: One hundred and sixty-six new cases of children below 16 years of age with strabismus were seen during the period under review constituting 9.1% of 1,815 new paediatric ophthalmic presentations during the same period. There were 105 (63.3%) females with a male to female ratio of 1:1.7. The most common types of strabismus were alternating, constant, comitant and esotropia documented in 83 (53.0%), 139 (83.7%), 159 (95.8%) and 108 (65.1%) patients respectively. Forty-five (41.7%) out of the 108 patient with esotropia had congenital/infantile esotropia being the most common while the most common type of exotropia was intermittent seen in 22 (43.2%) out of the 51 exotropic patients. Hypermetropia was significantly associated with esodeviation (p=0.04) while myopia was significantly associated with exodeviation (p=0.003). Also, positive family history of strabismus in first degree relatives was found to be associated with exodeviation. Conclusion: The most common type of childhood strabismus in this study was comitant strabismus (based on variability with gaze) and esotropia (based on direction of deviation). Keywords: Spectrum, Childhood, Strabismus, Nigerian, Hospital.
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    Open Access
    Subspecialty Preferences among Ophthalmology Resident Doctors in Nigeria
    (Nigerian Journal of Ophthalmology, 2017) Musa, K.O; Aribaba, O.T; Rotimi-Samuel, A; Oluleye, T.S; Idowu, O.O; Onakoya, A.O
    Abstract Purpose: To determine the subspecialty preferences of ophthalmology resident doctors in Nigeria as well as the factors influencing the choice with a view to provide useful insight into the future of ophthalmic practice in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among consenting ophthalmology residents in all the 23 accredited training institutions in Nigeria between July, 2015 and June, 2016. A semi-structured questionnaire with consent form was used to obtain information concerning socio-demographics, residency training information, awareness of ophthalmology subspecialties, subspecialty preference, and the reason for the choice as well as future practice plan. Results: A total of 198 (66.2%) out of the expected 299 ophthalmology resident doctors participated in this study. Their ages ranged from 27 to 51 years with a mean age of 34.4 ± 4.5 years. One hundred and ten (55.6%) participants were females and 157 (79.3%) were married. Anterior segment (including cornea and refractive surgery) and vitreoretinal surgery were the two most preferred subspecialties. The two most important reasons that influenced the choice of subspecialty were personal interest and desire to acquire special skills documented in 81 (48.2%) and 51 (30.4%) respondents, respectively. Younger (P = 0.03) and single (P = 0.04) respondents were more likely to prefer vitreoretinal surgery, while married respondents were more likely to choose anterior segment relative to other subspecialties (Fischer exact P = 0.02). Only 62 (31.3%) respondents had undergone stereopsis test. Conclusion: Anterior segment (including cornea and refractive surgery) and vitreoretinal surgery were the two most preferred subspecialties by Nigerian ophthalmology resident doctors. Key words: Doctors, Nigeria, ophthalmology, resident, subspecialty