Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion

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Browsing Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion by Author "Abali, I.O"

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    Open Access
    Blood Usage by Speciality in Health Institutions in Abia State: Documentation, A Major Challenge
    (Clinics in Nursing, 2024) Uche, C.L; Ezirim, E.O; Ogbenn, A.A; Chikezie, K; Owojiyugbe, T.O; Iwuoha, E.C; Ndukwe, P.E; Eke, O.K; Abali, I.O; Ndukwe, C.O; Ngwudo, S; Agu, F.U; Airaodion, A.I
    Background: Efficient blood usage is essential for optimal healthcare delivery. However, poor documentation remains a significant challenge in accurately assessing blood usage by specialty. This study explores blood utilization across specialties in health institutions in Abia State, Nigeria, highlighting the challenges in documentation and the distribution patterns of blood use. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted over six months, involving 13 health institutions in the three senatorial zones of Abia State: Abia North, Abia South, and Abia Central. Health facilities that met inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Data were collected using a semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire and blood bank records from January to June 2022. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, with descriptive statistics and frequency distributions presented for demographic and categorical data. Results: A total of 4,724 blood donations were documented, with government institutions contributing the majority (51.9%) of collections. Internal Medicine utilized the highest proportion of blood (51.04%), followed by Accident and Emergency (16.81%), Obstetrics and Gynecology (14.67%), Surgery (8.30%), and Paediatrics (9.20%). The absence of computerized documentation in all institutions and lack of standardized record-keeping hindered efficient data retrieval. Conclusion: Internal Medicine accounted for the highest blood usage among specialties, while Paediatrics used the least. Documentation inconsistencies and manual record-keeping practices present significant barriers to reliable blood usage tracking. Enhancing data documentation and implementing computerized systems in health institutions are recommended to improve accuracy and efficiency.
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    Open Access
    Challenges of Blood Transfusion Services in Abia State: A Study on Infrastructure and Manpower
    (J. General Medicine and Clinical Practice, 2024) Uche, C.L; Owojiugbe, T.O; Abali, I.O; Eke, O.K; Ogbenna, A.A; Ngwudo, S; Ndukwe, C.O; Iwuoha, E.C; Ndukwe, P.E; Ezirim, E.O; Chikezie, K; Agu, F.U; Airaodion, A.I
    Background: Blood transfusion services are vital to healthcare delivery, yet many health institutions face challenges related to infrastructure and manpower. This study aims to assess the availability and adequacy of blood transfusion equipment and staff in healthcare institutions across Abia State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective study was conducted over six months in 13 public and private health institutions across the three senatorial zones of Abia State: Abia North, Abia South, and Abia Central. Data were collected using a semi-structured, pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire, supplemented by blood bank records, covering the period from January to June 2022. The study assessed the availability of dedicated blood transfusion staff, the existence of blood transfusion committees, quality policies, and the types of blood screening methods used. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, with results expressed in frequencies, percentages, and means. Results: The majority of institutions were secondary (77%) and had poor availability of blood transfusion equipment (92.3%), with only 38.5% having a dedicated blood bank and 84.6% possessing benchtop centrifuges. Critical equipment such as apheresis machines, cold centrifuges, -20°C freezers, and platelet agitators were entirely absent. In terms of manpower, 92.3% of blood banks had dedicated staff, but none reported adequate staffing. Only 7.7% had a consultant haematologist, and 23.1% employed trained phlebotomists. Screening methods for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and VDRL relied entirely on rapid tests, with no ELISA use reported. Conclusion: The study highlights significant challenges in blood transfusion services in Abia State, with inadequate infrastructure and insufficient manpower being key issues. Urgent interventions are needed to improve equipment availability and staffing to ensure safe and effective blood transfusion services.
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    Open Access
    Investigating the Complications of Blood Donation in Health Institutions in Abia State, Nigeria
    (Journal of Hematology Research and Blood Disorders, 2024) Uche, C.L; Ogbenna, A.A; Chikezie, K; Owojiugbe, T.O; Iwuoha, E.C; Ndukwe, P.E; Eke, O.K; Abali, I.O; Ndukwe, C.O; Ngwudo, S; Ezirim, E.O; Airaodion, A.I
    Background: Blood donation is a critical component of healthcare systems globally. However, complications associated with blood donation can affect donor safety and the quality of services provided by health institutions. This study aims to investigate the occurrence and nature of complications of blood donation in health institutions in Abia State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, six-month retrospective study was conducted across public and private health institutions in Abia State, Nigeria, involving 13 hospitals from the three senatorial zones: Abia North, Abia South, and Abia Central. Data was collected from November 2023 to February 2024 through a semi-structured, pretested interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of blood bank records covering January to June 2022. The questionnaire assessed 20 complications of blood donation, including agitation, sweating, cold skin, nausea, and more, using a 5-point Likert scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: The highest occurring complication was pain, which often affected donors, but other complications like agitation, sweating, fatigue, venous hematoma, and thrombophlebitis were observed sometimes. Most complications, such as pallor, low blood pressure, syncope, and convulsions, were rare or never occurred. The study found that none of the complications occurred consistently in all donations, highlighting variability in donor reactions. Conclusion: Complications from blood donation in Abia State health institutions are generally infrequent, with pain being the most common. The findings underscore the need for continuous monitoring of donor health and the implementation of preventive strategies to enhance donor safety.