Department of Physiology

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Browsing Department of Physiology by Subject "antioxidant"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    Open Access
    Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of aqueous and ethanol extracts of Zingiber officinale
    (2011) Morakinyo, AO; Oludare, GO; Aderinto, OT; Tasdup, A
    Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The use of natural antioxidant as a therapeutic option is desirable and increasingly being practiced. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the in-vitro antioxidant property of Zingiber officinale, a known food additive. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Zingiber officinale were evaluated for antioxidant activities using DPPH, ABTS and SOD scavenging assay; and lipid peroxidation assay. The results obtained indicated that both extracts possess potent antioxidant property as shown by significant scavenging of ABTS and SOD radicals. Similarly, MDA level (lipid peroxidation) was significantly reduced by the both extracts. However, there was no significant scavenging activity using the DPPH assay. The present study indicates that both aqueous and ethanol extracts of ginger are significant sources of natural antioxidant. Therefore, consumption of the plant material might be helpful in combating the progression of various diseases with oxidative stress components.
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    Open Access
    Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Brysocarpus coccineus Schumach. & Thonn. (Connaraceae)
    (2013) Dada, OK; Akindele, AJ; Sofidiya, MO; Morakinyo, AO; Ota, D
    AIM: Diabetes Mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The need for enhanced efficacy and safety, and cheaper and more readily available new drugs has increased the search for new antidiabetic drugs from plants. This study was conducted to investigate the antidiabetic activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of B. coccineus in rats. METHODS: The effect of B. coccineus extract (100–800 mg·kg–1, p.o.) on blood glucose levels in normal and glucose loaded rats, and alloxan-induced diabetic rats was determined. After 10 days of treatment, blood samples were collected from rats for lipid and insulin profiling. Animals were thereafter sacrificed and the kidneys, heart, and liver were harvested for antioxidant indices assay. RESULTS: In normal rats, B. coccineus did not cause significant reduction in blood glucose. At the dose of 800 mg·kg–1, significant increase in blood glucose level was not observed 30 min. after glucose load. B. coccineus administered acutely did not generally produce significant reduction in blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Administered subacutely, the extract significantly reduced blood glucose level in diabetic rats from the 3rd day with peak effect observed at the dose of 800 mg·kg–1 on the 10th day. The extract generally preserved in vivo antioxidant levels in the kidneys, heart, and liver, increased the level of high density lipoprotein and insulin, and reduced the level of triglycerides and low density lipoprotein compared to diabetic control. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study suggest that the hydroethanolic leaf extract Byrsocarpus coccineus possesses antidiabetic activity possibly mediated through inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption, in vivo antioxidant activity, and enhancement of regeneration of beta cells of the pancreas and insulin secretion.