Department of Medicine

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Browsing Department of Medicine by Subject "Adiposity"

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  • Item
    Open Access
    The Relationship Between Neck Circumference and other Indices of Adiposity in A Healthy Nigerian Population
    (Lagos University Medical society, 2014) Iwuala, S.O; Sabir, A.A; Olamoyegun, M.O; Fasanmade, O.A; Ohwovoriole, A.E
    Background: Neck circumference has been found to be a simple and cheap anthropometric measure that can identify overweight and obese persons. Objective: The study was to determine the relationship of neck circumference (NC) to other indices of adiposity and to determine the NC cut offs for central obesity in Nigerians. Methods: This was a descriptive cross sectional study, in which 133 healthy persons were studied. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements of height, weight, body mass index (BMI), NC, waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC) following standard protocols. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to explore relationships between NC and other anthropometric variables. Central obesity was defined as waist circumference of = 88 cm in women and = 102 cm in men. Results: Neck circumference showed a significantly positive correlation with WC, HC and BMI (r=0.62, 0.65, 0.66, each p<0.001). The correlation of NC with WC, HC and BMI was stronger in males compared to females. Neck circumference (NC) = 38cm in males and = 33cm in females were the best cutoff values for central obesity. Conclusion: Neck circumference has a good correlation with other indices of adiposity and can be used as a rapid and simple screening measure for overweight and obesity. Persons with a NC of = 38cm in males and = 33cm in females among Nigerians need further evaluation for central obesity.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Relationships among obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance in African Americans and West Africans
    (Nature publishing group, 2010-03) Doumatey, A.P; Lashley, K.S; Huang, H; Zhou, J; Chen, G; Amoah, A; Agyenim-Boateng, K; Oli, J; Fasanmade, O; Adebamowo, C.A; Adeyemo, A.A; Rotimi, C.N
    Several research studies in different populations indicate that inflammation may be the link between obesity and insulin resistance (IR). However, this relationship has not been adequately explored among African Americans, an ethnic group with disproportionately high rates of obesity and IR. In this study, we conducted a comparative study of the relationship among adiposity, inflammation, and IR in African Americans and West Africans, the ancestral source population for African Americans. The associations between obesity markers (BMI and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)), inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), haptoglobin, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha), and IR (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR))) were evaluated in 247 West Africans and 315 African Americans. In average, African Americans were heavier than the West Africans (by an average of 1.6 BMI units for women and 3 BMI units for men). Plasma hsCRP, haptoglobin, and IL-6 (but not TNF-alpha level) were higher in African Americans than in West Africans. In both populations, BMI was associated with markers of inflammation and with HOMA(IR), and these associations remained significant after adjusting for sex and age. However, the pattern of associations between measured inflammatory markers and IR was different between the two groups. In West Africans, hsCRP was the only inflammatory marker associated with IR. In contrast, hsCRP, haptoglobin, and IL-6 were all associated with IR in African Americans. Interestingly, none of the associations between markers of inflammation and IR remained significant after adjusting for BMI. This finding suggests that in African Americans, the relationship between inflammatory markers and IR is mediated by adiposity.