The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.

dc.contributor.authorOzoh, O.B.
dc.contributor.authorAderibigbe, S.A.
dc.contributor.authorAyuk, A.C.
dc.contributor.authorDesalu, O.O.
dc.contributor.authorOlufela, E.O.
dc.contributor.authorOlufemi, O.
dc.contributor.authorEgbagbe, M.B.
dc.contributor.authorShopeyin, A.
dc.contributor.authorUkwaja, K.
dc.contributor.authorDede, S.K.
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-17T15:02:43Z
dc.date.available2022-01-17T15:02:43Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionScholarly articlesen_US
dc.description.abstractPurpose Asthma is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and information on the prevalence of asthma in Nigeria is inconsistent. Nationally representative data, important for health planning is unavailable. We aimed to determine the current prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria. Materials and methods A cross-sectional population survey conducted between June 2017 and March 2018 across five cities representing five geo-political zones in Nigeria. Validated screening questionnaires were used to identify persons with asthma and allergic rhinitis respectively. Asthma was defined as physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and by presence of wheeze in the last 12 months respectively. Socio-demographic information, tobacco smoking, sources of household cooking fuel were also obtained. Results A total of 20063 participants from 6024 households were screened. The prevalence (95% confidence interval) of physician diagnosed asthma, clinical asthma and wheeze was 2.5% (2.3–2.7%), 6.4% (6.0–6.64%) and 9.0% (8.6–9.4%) respectively. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 22.8% (22.2–23.4%). The prevalence of asthma and rhinitis increased with age (prevalence of clinical asthma: 3.1% (2.8–3.4%), 9.8% (9.1–10.5) and 10.7% (9.4%-12.0) among 6–17 years, 18–45 years and >45 years respectively). Prevalence also varied across different cities with the highest prevalence of clinical asthma occurring in Lagos (8.0%) and the lowest in Ilorin (1.1%). The frequency of allergic rhinitis among persons with clinical asthma was 74.7%. Presence of allergic rhinitis, family history of asthma, current smoking and being overweight were independent determinants of current asthma among adults. Conclusion The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria is high with variabilities across regions and age groups. The number of persons with clinical asthma in Nigeria (approximately 13 million) is likely to rank among the highest in Africa. This warrants prioritization by stakeholders and policy makers to actively implement risk reduction measures and increase investment in capacity building for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma and allergic rhinitis.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was funded through an investigator initiated non-interventional grant from GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceutical Nigeria, ISS 8210, to OBO. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of manuscript.en_US
dc.identifier.citationOzoh OB, Aderibigbe SA, Ayuk AC, Desalu OO, Oridota OE, Olufemi O, et al. (2019) The prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults. PLoS ONE 14(9): e0222281. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222281en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.unilag.edu.ng/handle/123456789/10500
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherPLOS ONEen_US
dc.subjectAsthmaen_US
dc.subjectAllergic rhinitisen_US
dc.subjectPrevalenceen_US
dc.subjectMorbidityen_US
dc.subjectMortalityen_US
dc.subjectResearch Subject Categories::MEDICINEen_US
dc.titleThe prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Nigeria: A nationwide survey among children, adolescents and adults.en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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