Assessment of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via involuntary ingestion of soil from contaminated soils in Lagos, Nigeria
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Date
2014-10-16
Authors
Adetunde, O. T.
Mills, G. A.
Olayinka, K. O.
Alo, B. I.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Taylor and Francis
Abstract
Soils from twelve sites in Lagos area, Nigeria impacted by anthropogenic activities were extracted by ultrasonication and analysed for the concentration of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The concentration of the sum of PAHs ranged from 0.2 to 254µg/g at these sites. The sum
benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent dose (BaPeq) at the sites ranged from 0.0 (K, forest soil) to 16.7 µg/g (C, the lubricating oil depot soil). Mean daily intake (MDI) for the composite soils samples when compared that of food revealed that some of the individual PAH in samples from sites A (Dump site), C (Depot and loading point for used for black oil), F (Dump site),
G(petroleum depot), H (Roadside ) and L (Car park ) exceeded the recommended the recommended MDI threshold for food, indicating some risk associated with activities on these sites based on this ingestion estimate exceeded value. 8.2 x 10-6 , 7.1 x 10-7 , 1.2 x 10- 4 ,4.9 x 10-7 , 7.3 x 10-7, 1.4 x 10-5 , 7.9 x 10-5 , 4.6 x 10-6 , 3.4 x 10-7 , 2.4 x 10-7 , 2.2 x 10-7 and 1.1 x 10-4 estimated theoretical cancer risk (ER) for an adult with a body weight of 70 kg working on sites were composite soil samples A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K and L respectively were sampled. The ER from occupational exposure to surface soil based on oral ingestion for some were higher than the target risk of 1 x10-6
for normal exposure but were all less than the 1 x10-4 for extreme exposure for most of the sites except for site C and L. The differences in concentration and risk were related to the different activities (e.g. handling of petroleum products, open burning, bush burning) undertaken at these locations. However, it should be noted here that the resultant risk could be overestimated, since these calculations were based on an exhaustive extraction technique which may be different from uptake by the human guts (bioavailability study).
Description
Staff Publications
Keywords
Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Chemistry::Analytical chemistry::Separation methods , Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) , Risk assessment , soils , Anthropogenic activities , aromatic hydrocarbons
Citation
Adetunde, O. T., Mills, G. A., Olayinka, K. O., & Alo, B. I. (2014). Assessment of occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons via involuntary ingestion of soil from contaminated soils in Lagos, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 49(14), 1661-1671.