Evaluationof antibacterial activity, acute toxicity in mice and phytochemical profiles of hydroethanolic extract of Stachytarphetaangustifolia (Mill) Vahl. Plant .
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Date
2008
Authors
Enwuru N.V
Ogbonnia S.O
Nkemehule F.
Enwuru C.A
Tolani O.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate antibacterial activity, acute toxicity in mice and phytochemical profiles of hydroethanolic extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia plant. The plant S. angustifolia has attracted the attention of the researchers because of its use as an anti-infection agent. The aqueous ethanol (80%) extract of the powdered dried whole plant was obtained by maceration. The bacteria organisms tested include Shigella dysentriae (ATCC 32412), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 213415), and the following clinical isolates: coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli. Susceptibility test, acute toxicity test and
phytochemical screening of the plant extract were performed using standard procedures. The results
showed that the extract had a good antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. dysentriae, coagulasenegative
Staphylococcus and Proteus mirabilis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found
to be between 11.6 and 14.0 mg/ml for the susceptible organisms. The extract exhibited minimum
bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 150 mg/ml against S. dysentriae only while other susceptible tested
bacteria strains required higher concentrations. The median acute toxicity value (LD50) of the extract
was determined to be 8.721 g/kg body weight indicating the extract as being slightly toxic. The extract
contained triterpenoid saponins as the major bioactive constituent.
Description
Scholarly article
Keywords
Stachytarpheta angustifolia , acute , toxicity , antibacterial , phytochemical , Research Subject Categories::PHARMACY
Citation
Enwuru NV, Ogbonnia SO, NkemehuleF, Enwuru CA and Tolani O (2008). Evaluationof antibacterial activity, acute toxicity in mice and phytochemical profiles of hydroethanolic extract of Stachytarphetaangustifolia (Mill) Vahl. Plant . African Journal of Biotechnology; 7 (11): 1770-1744.