Metabolic Profile as a Predictor of Ischaemic Stroke: The Experience of a Rural Hospital in Nigeria
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Date
2022-12
Authors
Olugbemide O
Bankole I
Alabi A
Dic-Ijewere M
Eregie A
Fasanmade OA
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
KEMRI
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The metabolic profile which includes glycated haemoglobin, insulin resistance,
pancreatic beta cell function and lipid profile is frequently deranged in acute ischaemic
stroke. Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and an emerging cause of long-term
disability and mortality in Africa. Our study aimed to determine the correlation between the
metabolic profile and acute ischaemic stroke in a rural Hospital in Southern Nigeria.
METHODOLOGY
This was a prospective cross-sectional study. Fifty consecutive first-ever ischaemic
stroke patients presenting within 72 hours of stroke were matched for age and sex with 3
control groups (49 persons with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, 49 persons with
hypertension only and 57 apparently healthy individuals). Blood samples were obtained from
all participants to determine glycated haemoglobin, fasting lipid profile, fasting plasma
glucose, fasting insulin and C-peptide and random plasma glucose (in stroke cases at
presentation). Insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell function were determined using the
Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA). Data were analysed by multivariate and univariate
statistics.
RESULTS
One hundred and two (49.8%) males and 103 (50.2%) females participated in the
study. The overall mean age of the study participants was 61.6 ± 10.1 years. Compared with
the control groups, predictors of acute ischaemic stroke were Fasting insulin
(hyperinsulinaemia) [OR (95%CI) = 1.108 (1.043-1.178), p= 0.001], HOMA-β% [OR
(95%CI) = 0.994 (0.990-1.001) p=0.006] and total cholesterol [OR (95%CI)= 0.009 (0.001-
0.012) p=0.022].
CONCLUSION
In this study, hyperinsulinaemia, impaired beta-cell secretory function (HOMA-β)
and elevated total cholesterol were found to be significant risk factors of ischaemic stroke.
Hence, the need for regular screening to detect abnormal metabolic profiles and prompt
treatment
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Citation
Olugbemide O, Bankole I, Alabi A, Dic-Ijewere M, Eregie A, Fasanmade O. Metabolic Profile as a Predictor of Ischaemic Stroke: The Experience of a Rural Hospital in Nigeria. Afr. J. Health Sci. 2022 35(6): 743-756