Aortic aneurysm: A life-threatening condition in a low-resource nation
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Date
2019-01
Authors
Ogunleye, E. O
Adekola, O. O
Dada, O. I. O
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Woltlers Kluwer
Abstract
Background: Aortic aneurysm is said to be uncommon in the black population; however,
with the modification in lifestyle of the dark‑skinned people, and improved diagnostic
facilities in Sub‑Saharan African nations, a surge in its presentation is more likely. If
undiagnosed, aortic aneurysm can be catastrophic. We determined the epidemiology
pattern and outcome of aortic aneurysm at our institution. Materials and Methods: This
is a retrospective analysis of patients who presented with aortic aneurysm from 2000 to
2017. A pro forma was designed to analyze the bio data, characteristics of the aneurysms,
clinical manifestation, treatment, and outcome. The Crawford, Stanford, and DeBakey
criteria were used to classify the aortic aneurysm. The surgical management of the aneurysm
was resection and its replacement with synthetic polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis with
antibiotic prophylaxis under general anesthesia. Results: A total of 17 patients were
recruited, with a mean age of 62.75 ± 20.92 years. A high proportion were above 65 years,
i.e., 7 (41.2%), and male gender, i.e., 10 (58.8%). The most common location of aortic
aneurysm using Crawford criteria was Type IV followed by Type I, with Stanford criteria
being Stanford Type B (13) and with DeBakey being Type III (3). Five operated were fusiform
in shape. A higher proportion of patients, i.e., 14 (82.4%), had coexisting hypertension, and
a positive history of smoking, i.e., 7 (41.2%). The 30‑day mortality was 64.7%, the operative
mortality was 35.3%, and three patients (17.6%) were loss to follow‑up. A positive history of
smoking increased the risk of dead, relative risk 3.375, 95% confidence interval 0.677–5.909,
P = 0.04. Conclusion: Aortic aneurysm, though uncommon, is not a rare disease among
cardiovascular disorders in a low‑resource environment. The most common shape and
location were fusiform and Stanford Type B or DeBakey Type III, respectively. There was
associated high 30‑day mortality (64.7%)
Description
Scholarly article
Keywords
Abdominal aortic aneurysm , Black population , Lifestyle , Sub‑Saharan African nations , Research Subject Categories::MEDICINE
Citation
Ogunleye EO, Adekola OO, Dada OI. Aortic aneurysm: A life-threatening condition in a low-resource nation. J Clin Sci 2019;16:15-9