Acute toxicity and histopathology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Euphorbia poissonii leaves
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Date
2011
Authors
Ayoola, S. O.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
New Clues in Science
Abstract
The lethal effect of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Euphorbia poissonii on Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus were investigated. Five concentrations of each extract were tested. The concentrations for aqueous were; 20g/L, 40g/ L, 80g/L, 160g/L and 320g/L. The concentration for the ethanolic were; 0.01g/L,0.1g/L,1.0g/L,10.0g/L and 100g/L. The randomized ANOVA for toxicity of the extracts against Oreochromis niloticus showed that there were significant differences between all treatments (P< 0.05). The 96hours LC50 values of the aqueous and ethanolic leave extracts were 7.13g/L and 0.031g/L respectively. These results showed that the ethanolic extracts were more toxic than the aqueous extracts of Euphorbia poissonii. Histopathological effects were observed in the gill and muscle of Oreochromis niloticus in all concentrations of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Effects in the ethanolic extracts include generalized sub mucosal congestion and severe stunting of the secondary lamella in the gills and lesions on the muscles. The effect in the aqueous extracts includes degeneration of gills and necrosis on the muscle. It is also seen that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Euphorbia poissonii have varying histopathological effects on Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings with increasing effects in higher concentration. The direct use of Euphorbia poissonii should be discouraged in a pond system except as a biological control to disinfect the pond from predators and it is to be used in low concentrations.
Description
Staff publications
Keywords
Acute toxicity , Hispathology , Euphorbia poissoni , Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
Citation
Ayoola, S.O. (2011). Acute toxicity and histopathology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings exposed to aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Euphorbia poissonii leaves. New clues in Sciences, Vol.1, 55-68.