Cell Biology & Genetics-Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Cell Biology & Genetics-Scholarly Publications by Author "Adedokun, A. H."

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    Open Access
    ASSESSMENT OF AUTOMOBILE MECHANIC WORKSHOP SOILS IN LAGOS AND THE GENOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF THE SIMULATED LEACHATE USING ALLIUM CEPA L.
    (2019-04) Jolaoso, A. O.; Njoku, L. K.; Adedokun, A. H.; Adesuyi, A. A.
    In the face of the increasing numbers and haphazard siting of mechanic workshops and the consequent environmental pollution due to its activities, there is paucity of information in the literature on the possible genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the associated waste and the soils of these workshops. This study therefore aimed at assessing the pollution level of the soils from the automobile workshop in Lagos and the genotoxic potential of their simulated leachate using Allium cepa L. 2 kg of soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 – 15 cm (top soil) using soil auger from five different points at the automobile mechanic workshop in order to get a representative sample (composite sample) and transferred directly into clean, sterile containers. A control soil sample was obtained from the Botanical garden of the University of Lagos, Akoka. The physicochemical analysis of the soil was also carried out using standard methods. The samples were analysed for lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), and mercury (Hg) using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) after acid digestion. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, TPH and oil and grease were determined. Leachate simulation from the soil was carried out according to the American Society for Testing and Materials. The result showed an obvious influence of automobile workshop activities on the physicochemical properties of soil as well as on the root meristem of Allium cepa. Automobile workshop soil contained significantly higher concentrations for all analysed heavy metals (Cd, As, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) in comparison to the uncontaminated garden soil. Cd, Cu and Pb levels were higher than specified regulatory standards. All the leachates concentrations showed one form of aberration: sticky chromosomes, C-mitosis, bridges, lagging chromosomes, binucleate, vagrant cells and micronuclei. The highest aberration occurred in 50% concentration of the treatment while the lowest occurred in the control. The aberrations observed varied with exposure time. The results of the present study showed that simulated leachates from an automobile workshop is genotoxic and mutagenic in the bioassays used in this study. The soils contained heavy metals in higher concentrations than the control and standards set by regulatory authorities. Also, higher TPH was observed too. The observed genotoxicity and mutagenicity are believed to be caused by the leachate constituents
  • Item
    Open Access
    Evaluation of the Cytogenotoxic Effects of Emulsifiable Concentrate form of Amitraz Pesticide on Allium cepa L
    (Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2018-11) Adesuyi, A. A.; Njoku, K. L.; Ogunyebi, A. L.; Dada, E. O.; Adedokun, A. H.; Jolaoso, A. O.; Akinola, M. O.
    The cytogenotoxic effects of emulsifiable concentrate of amitraz pesticides was evaluated using Allium cepa L. test. The root meristems of A. cepa L. were treated with five concentrations (1%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 40%) of the chemical pesticide at 48 h for cytogenetic analyses and 96 h for root length inhibition. Pesticide doses affected root length significantly (P<0.05) at 5% to 40%; with 50% effective concentration (EC50) value of 18% while there was no significant difference between control and 1% (p>0.05). The mean root length of the treated A. cepa for Amitraz pesticides in all concentrations was lower compared to the control showing the obvious mitodepressive effects of amitraz pesticides. A dose dependent reduction in the total mitotic dividing cells and mitotic index was observed in A. cepa treated with the pesticides. The values of mitotic index obtained for amitraz pesticides at 5% (5.20), 10% (4.0), 20% (2.30) and 40% (0.80) were lower than half of the negative control (7.25), which reflect its cytotoxicity. All the concentrations of the pesticides used in the present study induced important abnormalities during mitotic division. These aberrations were: chromosome stickiness, disturbed spindle, anaphase and telophase bridges, chromosome fragments, laggard chromosomes, and c- Mitosis. The highest abnormality number was observed in the root tips of Allium cepa (5%) while the least was at 40%. Frequencies of chromosome abnormalities were low at 20% and 40% concentration because of damaged cell and lower cell divisions. The present study, showed the inhibition of growth and induction of chromosomal aberrations by amitraz, this suggest their capability in inducing cytotoxicity and genome instability