Cell Biology & Genetics-Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Cell Biology & Genetics-Scholarly Publications by Author "Adefenwa, M.A."

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    Open Access
    Inversion Polymorphism in Two Populations of Drosophila melanogaster in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (UNILAG _ Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 2010) Adefenwa, M.A.; Williams, G.O.; Oboh, B.O.; Adekoya, K.O.
    Two different natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster were surveyed to determine the types of inversions present by examining the salivary gland chromosomes of third instar larvae. Seven different inversions were detected in populations, Tejuosho market and Bariga market (Lagos, south-western Nigeria) populations. All inversions detected were single, paracentric and autosomal. The inversions observed were distributed in the arms of the chromosomes as follows: two in the left arm of chromosome 2 (2L), one in the right arm of chromosome 2 (2R), two in the left arm of chromosome 3 (3L) and two in the right arm of chromosome 3 (3R). Some inversions occurred together with other inversions in the same larva and this occurrence was probably just due to chance but also indicates that such conditions were not lethal. Some of the inversions detected in this study had been recorded by earlier researchers in some parts of south-eastern Nigeria and south-western Nigeria. The occurrence of similar inversions in these regions may be evidence that the inversions are not recent. This similarity in inversions also suggests that there is or had been migration from one place to the other or the inversions originated somewhere else and had been transported to other places.
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    Open Access
    Morphological Characterization of Five Nigerian Indigenous Chicken Types
    (Journal of Scientific Research and Development, 2013) Adekoya, K.O.; Oboh, B.O.; Adefenwa, M.A.; Ogunkanmi, L.A.
    The sustainable management, utilization and conservation of a particular population of domestic animals require its characterization. Standard characterization and evaluation of particular populations of domestic animals may be carried out by using different methods, including traditional practices such as the use of descriptor lists of morphological characters. A detailed morphological study was performed on adult birds of five Nigerian indigenous chicken types. The chicken types include: Asa (frizzle feather), Abolorun (naked neck), Onigbaogbe (rose comb), Ibile (wild type), and Opipi (featherless wing). Eight morphological measurements were taken from birds of the different types. Tests of equality of group means revealed significant differences between means of the five types for 5 out of 8 morphological measurements. Morphological measurements were also analysed through discriminant analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis in order to establish relationships among the different types as well as to have a tool to assign new sets of data for unknown types to one of the groups analysed here. The first canonical function accounted for 72.7%, the second, third and fourth accounted for 20.4%, 5.5% and 1.4% respectively, between-group variability. Plotting the first, second and third principal components showed that the observed differences were mainly from all the measurements except jaw width and wing length. Visual examination of the samples along the canonical functions revealed some between-sample differentiations. The rose comb and the wild type were mostly isolated from each other and from all other types. The overall percentage of correctly classified cases was 56.0%. The proportion of individuals correctly classified into their original group was highest in the wild type (78.6%), then naked neck (63.6%) and featherless wing (60.0%), indicating that the wild type is highly divergent from the other types. Application of molecular genetics technique will be useful in confirming the detected phenotypic differentiation.
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    Open Access
    Novel intron 2 polymorphism in the melanophilin gene is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and is not associated with coat color in goats
    (Scientific research - Open Journal of Genetics, 2013-09) Adefenwa, M.A.; Agaviezor, B.O.; Peters, S.O.; Wheto, M; Ekundayo, O.J.; Okpeku, M.; Oboh, B.O.; Adekoya, K.O.; Ikeobi, C.O.N.; Donato, M.; Thomas, B.N.; Ikhide, G. I.
    Pigmentation plays important adaptation and physiological efficiency roles in animals. In the sequence of a 648 bp fragment representing intron 1, exon 2, and part of intron 2 of the MLPH mammalian pigmentation gene, we identified a novel g.469C > G mutation in intron 2, and genotyped it in 266 Nigerian goats using PCR-RFLP analysis. The C allele had frequencies of 0.9625, 0.9804 and 0.97405 in West African Dwarf (WAD), Sahel (SH) and Red Sokoto (RS) breeds, respectively. The G allele was the highest in WAD (0.0375), followed by RS (0.02595), and then SH (0.0196). Overall low FIS and FST and high Nm values demonstrate little differentiation within and among the goat breeds at this intronic locus. This g.469C > G polymorphism in MLPH gene is the first in any goat breed and also first in Nigerian goats. Our results suggest that this intronic SNP locus is maintained at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05) and the lack of association of this SNP with coat color may indicate its neutrality in goats.