Distance Learning Institute

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Browsing Distance Learning Institute by Author "ADEKUNLE, A.A."

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    Open Access
    In vitro Control of Oral Thrush Causal Organisms Using Medicinal Plants Extracts
    (Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2019) EBABHI, A.M.; ADEKUNLE, A.A.; OGHENERHABOKE, Y.I.
    Oral hygiene is important to the generality of the human healthcare system. For this, the antifungal activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of four medicinal plants of Jatropha curcas (stem), Eucaluptus golbulus (leaves), Vernonia amygdalina (stem) and Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (root) were carried out in vitro against three species of Candida associated with oral thrush namely C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis using the disc diffusion agar assay. The zones of inhibition varied with the test organisms as well as the extracts. The ethanolic extract of Jatropha curcas showed the highest zone of inhibition of 10.88 ± 0.22 mm against C. albicans while the least zone of inhibition (6.13 ± 0.13 mm) was exhibited by the ethanol extract of Z. zanthoxyloides on C. glabrata. The preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannin, saponin, alkaloids, flavonoids and reducing sugar in all plant samples. This study can be further used as a foundation for the screening of phytochemical constituents by pharmaceuticals for the control and eradication of oral thrush.
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    Open Access
    Production of bioethanol from agro-waste hydrolyzed with cashew nut shell extract
    (International Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2013) ADEKUNLE, A.A.; OSUNTOKI, A.A.; OKUNOWO, W.O.; EBABHI, A.M.
    This study examines the lignocellulytic activities of the ethanol extract of Anacardium occidentale empty nut shell on some agricultural waste. The enzyme activity assay was carried out on the extract obtained. This was measured as micromole sugar released per min. Pretreatment and natural acid saccharification was done using the extract. The result obtained showed that the enzyme activity (µ/ml) for β-1,4-exoglucanase, β -1,4-endoglucanase and xylanase was maximum 3.70 ±0.43, 0.95 ±0.03 and 2.32 ±0.10, respectively. While maximum reducing sugar yield for the waste was from sugarcane chaff (491mg/g) and rice husk gave the lowest amount of 46mg/g. Bioethanol produced was highest in sugarcane chaff (20.70±1.40g/L) at 72 hr of incubation using the yeast Pichia caribbica (IMI 398400) and lowest in rice husk (3.22±3.22g/L) with the yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus (IMI 398399). This study showed that the ethanol extract of cashew nut shell is capable of producing cellulases and xylanase enzyme. The fermentation of hydrolysates obtained from the pretreatment and natural acid saccharification can give considerable amount of bioethanol thus assisting in effective waste management.
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    Open Access
    Survey and Phytochemical Analyses of Plants Use for the Treatment of Childhood Diseases in Ojo Lga, Lagos State.
    (International Journal of Herbal Medicine, 2014) EBABHI, A.M.; ADEOGUN, O.O.; ADEKUNLE, A.A.
    The local use and phytochemical analyses of plants used for the treatments of some children’s diseases were conducted in Ojo local government in Lagos state, the area is predominantly of Awori stock. The information was gathered via unstructured questionnaires; the information gathered was used to prepare decoctions with liquid remains of processed grind maize (Omi Idun) for the treatment of diseases in children. The decoctions were later screened and determined for phytochemical constituents. The survey of the plants indicated forty four species of plants belonging to twenty eight families used for the treatment of impetigo, convulsion, shortage of blood, typhoid fever and haemorrhoids in children. The prepared decoctions showed the presence of phenol having the highest quantity among the constituents for the treatment of impetigo, flavonoid in blood supplement, tannin in typhoid, cardiac glycosides in measles and alkaloid in haemorrhoid. Roots, barks and leaves were the parts used for the preparation of different decoctions based on this study. The information gathered from the survey depicts the largely dependence of the indigent’s parents on medicinal plants to meet the need of the primary health care of their children and the phytoconstituents quantified might be responsible for the activity of the decoctions against the causal organisms of the diseases mentioned.