Civil & Environmental Engineering- Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Civil & Environmental Engineering- Scholarly Publications by Subject "Bamboo"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Item
    Open Access
    Behaviour And Analysis Of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams Under Flexural Loading.
    (2002) Falade, F.; Akeju, T.A.I.
    In this study, the behaviour of bamboo reinforced concrete beams was examined under a third point loading. Each beam was simply supported over an effective span of 600mm. The results showed that the behaviour of the beams was governed by the strengths, moduli of elasticity and stress-strain relationship of its components (reinforcement and concrete). Bamboo reinforced beams exhibited enhanced cracking and failure strengths when compared to the equivalent in plain concrete. There was increase in first-cracking and post-cracking strengths for beams with increase in bamboo content and curing age. A comparison of stress-strain distribution in the beam at different percentages of reinforcement indicates an optimum of 5.20% of cross sectional area of the beam for bamboo in bamboo reinforced concrete beams.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Behaviour of Axially Loaded Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Columns
    (Devon Science Company, 2008) Falade, F; Ikponmwosa, E
    This paper reports on the behaviour of bamboo reinforced concrete columns under the applied axial loads. 150x150x1000mm columns were cast using 1:2:4 mix with water/cement ratio of 0.65. The bamboo content was varied from 0% to 2.5% of the cross sectional area at interval of 0.5%. 10 x 10mm bamboo splints were used. The surface of the bamboo splints were coated with bituminous paint and sand blasted to improve its bond characteristics. 8mm diameter bar links were provided at 150mm centers with their ends tied with binding wires. The specimens were cured in water at a temperature of 21o 1oC and tested at the curing ages of 7, 14 and 28 days. The results show that at 7-day curing age, the theoretical failure loads of bamboo reinforced columns increased when compared to that of un-reinforced specimens. At 1% reinforcement content, the theoretical failure load capacity at 7-day curing age is 8.52 N/mm2. The results are 9.01, 9.71, and 10.26N/mm2 for 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5% bamboo reinforcement content respectively at the same curing age. When compared with un-reinforced specimens this showed an increase in strength values of 10.54, 16.88, 25.92 and 33.07% respectively. For the experimental failure loads of tested specimens, it was observed that with the introduction of bamboo reinforcement, the experimental failure loads decreased with increase in reinforcement when compared with un-reinforced specimens. For 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5% reinforcement, the experimental failure loads were 8.74, 8.12, 7.40, and 6.88 N/mm2 respectively. Compared to 0% reinforced specimen with experimental failure load of 9.56N/mm2, this showed a decrease in load carrying capacity of 8.53, 15.04, 23.10 and 27.91 percent respectively. This trend of decrease in failure load with increase in proportion of reinforcement is the same for specimens’ tested at other curing ages. The results theoretically show increase in strength with increase in reinforcement content at all ages. The deflection of the reinforced concrete columns decreased with age and increased with the percentage of bamboo contents in the columns.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Scope of Bamboo Reinforcement in Concrete Beams For Low- Cost Housing.
    (Nigerian Building And Road Research Institute (NBRRI)., 2006-12) Falade, F.; Ikponmwosa, E.
    This paper investigates the extent to which bamboo reinforcement can be used in concrete beams for low-cost housing. Beams of uniform cross sectional area (225x450mm) were designed to BS 8110. They were simply supported over varying effective spans of 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 metres. The results of the laboratory tests showed that the average 28-day characteristic strength of concrete was 25N/mm2 while an average tensile strength of 133.50N/mm2 was obtained for bamboo splints of size 10x10mm (square section). The design was based on two limit states: ultimate and serviceability (deflection). The beams were subjected to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the ultimate moment of resistance of the section (Mu = 0.156bd2fcu). The corresponding uniformly distributed load was computed from the well–known relationship between maximum moment and uniformly distributed load (udl) on beam and its effective span. The udl was imposed on each beam at different percentages of ultimate moment of resistance. All the beams were singly reinforced. The lever arm curve that permits the area of reinforcement to be calculated for singly reinforced beams was used. The corresponding deflection at each level of loading was calculated for each span. The well-established equations of deflection were used with some modifications that reflect the characteristics of the bamboo splints. The shear stress at each level of loading was calculated and compared with both allowable and ultimate values. The computed deflection for each loading case showed that the deflection of bamboo-reinforced beams increased with increase in value of applied moment and span but reduced with increase in the quantity of bamboo reinforcement in the beams. The results show that the optimum span for bamboo reinforcement in reinforced concrete beams based on cross-sectional dimensions of 225x450mm is 4000mm at optimum load of 60% Mu. Within this limit, the requirements of ultimate and serviceability limit states were achieved.