Department of Pharmacognosy

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Browsing Department of Pharmacognosy by Subject "Antibacterial activity"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
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    Open Access
    Medicinal potential of the root of Arctotis arctotoides
    (Taylor & Francis, 2007) Afolayan, A.J.; Jimoh, F.O.; Sofidiya, M.O.; Koduru, S.; Lewu, F.B.
    The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the acetone, methanol, and water extracts from the root of Arctotis arctotoides (L.f.) O. Hoffm (Asteraceae) were assessed in an effort to validate the medicinal potential of the subterranean part of the herb. The antioxidant activities of acetone and methanol extracts as determined by the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP methods were higher than that of water extracts. The extracts showed significant activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The strongest activity was found in the acetone extract on Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus kristinae, and Streptococcus pyrogens with an MIC of 0.1 mg=mL. Although not completely fungicidal, these extracts showed significant growth inhibition against all the fungi tested. Antioxidant and antimicrobial acti-vities of the extracts were strongly correlated with total phenols and to a lesser extent with their flavonoids and proanthocyanidins contents. This study has validated the medicinal potential of the underground part of A. arctotoides.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Phenolic contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Hymenocardia acida
    (Taylor & Francis, 2009) Sofidiya, M.O.; Odukoya, O.A.; Afolayan, A.J.; Familoni, O.B.
    This study investigates the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of aqueous and methanolic extracts from Hymenocardia acida Tul. (Hymenocardiaceae). The inhibition values of the extracts and quercetin were found to be very close, with no significant differences at a concentration of 0.05 mg mL-1 in their ability to inhibit 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Total proanthocyanidins for both water and methanol extracts were 20.2 ±0.01 and 30.6 ±0.51 mg g-1 (catechin equivalent) while the total phenol contents were 20.0 ±0.52 and 35.6 ±1.42 mg mL-1 (tannic acid equivalent), respectively. Positive correlations R2 =0.85, R2 = 0.94, R2 =0.97 for DPPH, reducing power and 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo thiazoline) 6-sulphonic acid (ABTS). Linear regression analysis also produced a high correlation coefficient with total proanthocyanidins (DPPH, R2 = 0.69; ABTS, R2 = 0.94). H. acida extracts showed low antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value ≥5.0 mg mL-1) against gram negative bacteria but significantly (MIC value ≥2.5 mg mL-1) inhibited the growth of the gram positive strains tested. Qualitative TLC of the extract was positive for flavonoids, phenols, steroids and triterpenoids. The results of this study support the use of H. acida in traditional Nigerian medicine and show that the alcoholic extract of the leaves can be used as an easily accessible source of natural antioxidant and can be of assistance in some dermatological problems.