Physiotherapy- Scholarly Publications

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    Open Access
    Smartphone addiction, psychological status, pain related disability of neck and shoulder among undergraduates in College of Medicine, University of Lagos.
    (South African Journal of Public Health, 2020) Akodu, AK; Adenekan, YA; Zibiri, RA
    Background. The use of smartphones in our current digital society has resulted in the development of musculoskeletal and emotional symptoms among undergraduates. Objectives. To determine the correlations among smartphone addiction, selected psychological status and clinical variables among undergraduates in the College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Nigeria. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 837 undergraduates (500 females, 337 males). Questionnaires comprising a smartphone addiction scale, depression, stress and anxiety scale, neck disability index and shoulder pain disability index were used to collect self-report measures. Assessment of selected anthropometric variables (weight, height and body mass index (BMI)) was done. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Spearman’s ρ were used to determine the correlation between variables at an α value of p<0.05. Results. The outcome of this study revealed that more than half, 447 (53.4%), of the undergraduates were addicted to smartphone use. Eighty (9.6%) participants had severe depression, 155 (18.5%) had severe anxiety while 59 (7%) were severely stressed. It was observedthat there was a significant relationship (p<0.05) but a weak correlation between smartphone addiction, psychological status, pain-related disability of neck and shoulder, BMI and weight. Conclusion. Smartphone addiction is prevalent among undergraduates, and is correlated with their psychological status, selected anthropometric variables and pain-related disability of the neck and shoulder. It is recommended that undergraduates be enlightened on the impact of smartphone addiction on psychological health and the musculoskeletal system.
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    Open Access
    Limb Length Discrepancy and Gait Parameters of Amateur Football Players in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (South African Journal of sport Medicine, 2020) Akodu, AK; Akindele, OA
    Background: Football is a widely played sport globally. Limb length discrepancies have been found to be common among football players and these may lead to abnormal gait. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between limb length discrepancy (LLD) and gait parameters of amateur football players in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: Eighty-nine amateur football players participated in the cross-sectional study. They were recruited from different stadia in Lagos State. Limb length and gait parameters were measured using tape and footprint measurements. Results: The prevalence of real limb length discrepancy among the participants was 75% (n = 67). The results of this study showed that the right leg was the shorter leg in 60% (n = 53) of the participants. There was no significant correlation between gait parameters and limb length measurement. Conclusion: Although limb length discrepancy is common among amateur football players in Lagos State, the relationship between limb length and gait parameters is weak.
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    Open Access
    Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Core Stabilization Exercise on Pain-Related Disability and Psychological Status in patients with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
    (European journal of clinical and experimental medicine., 2020) Akodu, A.K; Ogunbiyi, T.A; Fapojuwo, O.A
    Introduction. Exercises have been shown to relieve symptoms in non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP) patients. Aim. This study compared the effects of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and core stabilization exercises (CSE) on pain-related disability, psychological status and sleep disturbance in patients with NSCLBP. Material and methods. This randomized controlled trial involved a total of thirty-seven (37) participants. They were randomly allotted into three groups [CBT (11), CSE (14) and control (12)]. The intervention was done once per week for duration of 60 minutes for the CBT group, 30 minutes for CSE group and 10 minutes for the control group twice per week for 8 consecutive weeks. Assessment of outcome was done at baseline, 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social science version 25 at alpha level of less than 0.05. Results. The results of this study showed that there was significant improvement in the level of pain-related disability (p= 0.001), level of anxiety (p =0.001), depression (p = 0.01, p = 0.001, p =0.001) and sleep disturbance (p = 0.001) in all the groups (CBT, CSE, control) post treatment. Conclusion. CBT and CSE are both effective in the treatment of pain-related disability, sleep disturbance, and psychological status of NSCLBP patients.
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    Open Access
    Core stabilization and Mckenzie back extension exercises on pain, functional disability and insomnia in patients with Non-specific Chronic low back pain (NSCLBP).
    (Medicina Sportiva, 2020) Akodu, A.K;; Odunfa, S.K;
    Aim: This study compared the effects of core stabilization and McKenzie back extension exercises on pain, functional disability, insomnia and Quality of Life (QoL) in patients with Non-specific Chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). Material and Method. Forty-one (41) participants (16males, 25 females) participated in this study. They were recruited from a tertiary Hospital in Lagos state. Participants were allocated into three groups using computer generated random number sequence. Group 1 received core stabilization exercises, Group 2 received McKenzie back exercises and Group 3 received Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and back care education. Pain intensity, functional disability, insomnia and quality of life were assessed using Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Oswestry disability questionnaire, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and SF-36 Quality of life (Qol) questionnaire respectively at baseline, and end of 4thweek post intervention. Results. There was an improvement in the clinical outcome, pain (p=0.001, 0.004), functional disability (p= 0.001, 0.01) and insomnia (p= 0.001, 0.012) in both group 1 and 2 but most of the improvement was noticed in group 1 post intervention. Significant improvement was displayed in the general health (p=0.001, 0.004, 0.049), physical function (p=0.001, 0.007, 0.007) and social function (p=0.026, 0.02, 0.007) domains of quality of life post intervention in all the 3 groups (1, 2, 3). Across groups comparison showed, significant difference in both pain (p=0.01), insomnia (p=0.02) and physical function (p=0.002). Conclusions. Both core stabilization and McKenzie back extension exercise group had improved outcomes following intervention
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    Open Access
    Effects of Neck Stabilization and Isometric Neck Exercises on Non-Specific Chronic Neck Pain: A Pilot Study
    (Journal of Riphah College of Rehabilitation Sciences (JRCRS), 2020) Akodu, A.K;; Ajepe, T.O;; Sorunke, M.A;
    Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of neck stabilization and isometric neck exercises on pain-related disability, sleep disturbance, psychological status and cardiopulmonary parameters in patients with non-specific chronic neck pain (NSCNP). Methodology: This study was done within a period of May-October, 2019. 14 patients with NSCNP were involved in this research. The patients were enrolled into the research from two post secondary health facilities in Lagos state and distributed into groups A, B and C with the aid of random numbers generated by the computer: Group A received Neck stabilization exercises only, Group B received Neck stabilization and isometric neck exercises, Group C received Isometric neck exercises only. Subjects were evaluated for pain-related disability, sleep disturbance, psychological status (anxiety and depression), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), rate pressure product (RPP), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and perceived exertion rate (RPE) before intervention and end of 4th week. Results: This research showed that neck stabilization combined with isometric exercise improved pain-related disability (p=0.04), anxiety (p=0.04) and depression (p=0.04) after 4 weeks intervention. Some pulmonary parameters, FVC (p=0.05, p=0.02), FEV1 (p=0.02, p=0.01) improved significantly post intervention in both neck stabilization exercise alone and neck stabilization combined with isometric neck exercise groups. While PEFR (p=0.02, p=0.01) improved significantly in both neck stabilization combined with isometric neck exercises and isometric neck exercise group alone post intervention. Conclusion: This study draws the conclusion that neck stabilization exercise only and neck stabilization combined with isometric exercise will better improve pain-related disability, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and some selected pulmonary parameters (FVC, FEV1, PEFR) in patients with NSCN