Medical Microbiology and parasitology- Scholarly Publications

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    Open Access
    Hepatocellular carcinoma presentation and prognosis among Nigerian adults with and without HIV
    (PLoS One, 2023-03-06) Davwar PM, Okeke E, Duguru M, Nyam D, Bell K, Odeghe EA, Oyeleke G, Lesi OA, Singh R, Kim KY, Imade G, Akanmu AS, Sagay AS, Ogunsola FT, Peters MG, Roberts LR, Hou L, Murphy RL, Hawkins CA
    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing cause of mortality in Nigeria among persons with HIV (PLH), as access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves. In this study we describe clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics in Nigerian adults with HCC, with and without HIV, and examine how HIV impacts survival.
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    Open Access
    Barriers and Facilitators of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Nigerian Adults in a Faith-Based Setting: A Pre-Intervention Qualitative Inquiry
    (Asian Pac J Cancer Prev., 2022-05-01) Odukoya OO, Odediran O, Rogers CR, Ogunsola F, Okuyemi KS
    Inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetable is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). An understanding of the barriers and facilitators to consumption is important for effectiveness of intervention in Africa. We present insights among church members before developing a church-based multi-component intervention to address the inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetable.
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    Open Access
    Universal use of face mask for the prevention of the spread of COVID-19 in community settings in a South-western State of Nigeria: willingness and barriers.
    (Antimicrob Resist Infect Control., 2023-07-12) Ogunsola FT, Ejekam CS, Balogun M, Ugonna I, Odukoya O, Oduyebo O, Adeyemo WL, Oladele RO, Akanmu SA
    One of the major drivers of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is community transmission. Nigeria, like other countries globally, took to strict preventive public health measures including good respiratory and hand hygiene, physical distancing, and the use of face mask to control the spread of COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, the government of Lagos State in Nigeria made a pronouncement on the universal use of face mask in the community. While the use of face masks has proven to be an effective barrier to the transmission of respiratory diseases, its use in the community is uncommon. This study assessed the willingness and compliance with wearing face masks for the reduction of the community spread of COVID-19 and identified possible barriers to use of mask among residents in Lagos State.
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    Open Access
    Training a Continent: A Process Evaluation of Virtual Training on Infection Prevention and Control in Africa During COVID-19
    (Glob Health Sci Pract, 2023-04-28) Kessy SJ, Gon G, Alimi Y, Bakare WA, Gallagher K, Hornsey E, Sithole L, Onwekwe EVC, Okwor T, Sekoni A, Vahanian A, Vorndran A, Niyoyitungira T, Raji T, Ihekweazu C, Abdulaziz M, Ogunsola F
    Strengthening infection prevention and control (IPC) capacity was identified as a key intervention to prepare African Union member states to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of the Africa Taskforce for Coronavirus, which helped implement the Africa Joint Continental Strategy for COVID-19 Outbreak response, the IPC Technical Working Group (IPC TWG) was convened to coordinate the development of IPC core components for preparedness, response, and recovery from COVID-19. As part of the IPC TWG's work, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with the Infection Control Africa Network, delivered virtual IPC training sessions targeted to African Union member states. We aimed to undertake a process evaluation of this training to inform and improve both ongoing and future programming.
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    Open Access
    Prediction of functional proteins associated with the gut microbiome of an adult population in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Elsevier B.V, 2022-11-22) Francisca Obiageri Nwaokoriea , Uwem Okon Edet b , Akaninyene Paul Josephc , Kanki Phylis d, Ogunsola Folasade.
    The human gut microbiome is implicated in health and disease. Yet, its func tions in healthy adults from a divergent population like those seen in Africa are quite un clear. We set to reveal the roles of the gut microbiome of a healthy rural and urban Yoruba population of Lagos State. Methodology: Sociodemographic and clinical data, and fecal samples were obtained from rural (n = 10) and urban (n = 10) participants. fecal DNA extraction was done using ZR Fecal DNA MiniPrepTM D6010 and metagenomic next generation sequencing performed on Illu mina Miseq platform. Functional roles prediction and antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) were done using the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) and Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD) tools, respectively. The potential link between phenotypes and COG abundance were inferred using principal component analysis (PCA). Results: We found 12 (urban) and 11 (rural) COG classes of proteins from the gut mi crobes. Class E protein which denotes amino acid transport and metabolism was unique to urban respondents and was dominated by 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate syn thase (45%) and asparagine synthase (30%), implying a high protein-based diet. Class S was found in both groups. COG families of proteins revealed the presence of exo-beta-1,3- glucanase (31%), pyruvate-decarboxylase, and thiamine pyrophosphate-requiring enzymes (22%) among the rural respondents’ indicative of carbohydrate-rich diets. In addition, un characterized protein linked to hypothetical functions was found in both. The COG proteins clustered with female sex, BMI (body mass index) and BP (blood pressure) for urban while for the rural populace, it clustered with height, BMI, and BP. CARD analysis showed ARGs in both groups (urban 90%; rural 10%) and all were Escherichia coli 16S rRNA (rrsB) mutation conferring resistance to streptomycin with gene variant model A523C n/a to aminoglyco side antibiotics.