Studies on Dermatophytes Isolated from Patients in Two Tertiary Health Instuitutions in Lagos State, Nigeria

No Thumbnail Available
Date
2012-11
Authors
Oguntade, T.O
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Studies on dermatophytes isolated from patients in tertiary health institutions in Lagos State Nigeria were carried out between August 2009 and January 2011. Collection, isolation, characterization and identification of the isolated fungi were achieved using both conventional laboratory methods (In-vitro culture and microscopy) and molecular methods (DNA extraction, PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing). Sensitivity tests using some marketed antifungal drugs, antiseptic soaps, detergents and extracted oil from three Nigeria plants seeds (Azadirachta indica, Detarium seneganlense and Treculia africana) was investigated. Growth study using six different media was also carried out. Twenty- five different isolates were obtained, and based on molecular data, were classified into ten species and two strains of dermatophytes (Epidermohyton fluccosum, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum ferrugineum, Microsporum nanum, Trichophyton concentricum strain A, Trichophyton concentricum strain B, Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. quinckeanun, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton tonsurans strain A, Trichophyton tonsurans strain B and Trichophyton violaceum,), two species of systemic mycoses agents (Blastomyces dermatitidis and Exophiala dermatitidis), seven opportunistic mycoses agents (Absidia corymbifera, Aspergillus terreus, Emericlla nidulans, Mucor racemosus, Pencillium aschersonia, Pencillium citrinum, Pencillium species) and four yet to be identified fungal species. The result of the BLAST DNA sequence database of the isolated dermatophytes revealed that no sequence data was 100% homologous with those in the Gene bank. The sensitivity test revealed that resistance to the antifungal drugs might be a result of probable emergence of new strains of dermatophytes in the populace and development of resistance. The results of the sensitivity tests showed that the various antiseptic soaps and detergents used could be a mean of reducing the incidence of dermatomycoses in the population. The extracted oil from the seeds of Detarium senegalense was shown to possess the highest zone of inhibition among the three plant seeds used. The phytochemical test revealed that the three extracted seed oils (Azadirachta indica, Detarium senegalense and Treculia africana) contained alkaloid, tannins, cardiac glycosides and reducing compounds but in different percentage ratios. Growth studies showed that one percent (1%) peptone agar is the best medium for the cultivation Trichophyton and Epidermaphyton species, and Microsporum species attained their optimum growth on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). The growth studies also revealed that nutrient constituents of each medium can interfere with phenotypic characteristics of dermatophytes. The findings from these studies will help in preventing wrong diagnosis of dermatomycoses in health institutions.
Description
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Postgraduate Studies, University of Lagos
Keywords
Dermatophytes , Nigeria , Tertiary Health Institutions , Fungal Species , Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology
Citation
Oguntade, T.O (2012). Studies on Dermatophytes Isolated from Patients in Two Tertiary Health Instuitutions in Lagos State, Nigeria. A Thesis Submitted to University of Lagos School of Postgraduate Studies Phd Thesis and Dissertation, 282pp.