Parental age and the risk of cleft lip and palate in a Nigerian population: A case–control study.
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Date
2020-08-31
Authors
James, O.
Erinoso, O.A.
Ogunlewe, A.O.
Adeyemo, W.L.
Ladeinde, A.L.
Ogunlewe, M.O.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wolters Kluwer - Medknow
Abstract
Background: Orofacial clefts are one of the most common congenital malformations in the facial region. Hypothesis: Older maternal or
paternal age presents higher odds of a child with an orofacial cleft. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association
between parental age and risk of orofacial cleft. Materials and Methods: This was a case–control study among 110 parents of children
with orofacial cleft (case group) and 110 parents of children without orofacial cleft (control group). Information on maternal age,
paternal age, and type of orofacial cleft in the children were obtained. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi‑square
analysis, and bivariate logistic regressions to measure the association between parental age and orofacial cleft. The value of P was <0.05,
with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Information on 219 children (109 cases and 110 controls) was analyzed, of which 52%
were females. One respondent from the case group withdrew from the study. The odds of a child with orofacial cleft was statistically
significantly lower in mothers aged 26–35 years compared to mothers aged 25 years and less (odds ratio [OR]: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.16,
0.79). Similarly, fathers aged above 35 years had statistically significantly lower odds of children with orofacial cleft than those 25
years and less (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.99). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that mothers aged 26-35 years may have lower odds
of giving birth to babies with orofacial clefts, compared to younger mothers. Similarly, fathers aged above 35 years may have lower
odds of giving birth to a child with orofacial cleft compared to fathers aged 25 years and less.
Description
Original research
Keywords
Cleft lip , Cleft palate , Maternal age , Paternal age
Citation
James O, Erinoso OA, Ogunlewe AO, Adeyemo WL, Ladeinde AL, Ogunlewe MO. Parental age and the risk of cleft lip and palate in a Nigerian population: A case–control study. Ann Maxillofac Surg 2020. 10.4103/ams.ams_134_20