Variant Analyses of Candidate Genes in Orofacial Clefts in Multi-Ethnic Populations
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Date
2021-06-01
Authors
Li, M.
Olotu, J.
Buxo-Martinex, C.J.
Mossey, P.A.
Anand, D.
Busch, T.
Alade, A.
Gowan, L.J.J.
Eshete, M.
Adeyemo, W.L.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Wiley
Abstract
Objectives
Cleft lip with/without cleft palate and cleft palate only are congenital birth defects where the upper lip and/or palate fail to fuse properly during embryonic facial development. Affecting ~1.2/1000 live births world-wide, these orofacial clefts impose significant social and financial burdens on affected individuals and their families. Orofacial clefts have a complex etiology resulting from genetic variants combined with environmental covariates. Recent genome-wide association studies and whole-exome sequencing for orofacial clefts identified significant genetic associations and variants in several genes. Of these, we investigated the role of common/rare variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11.
Materials and Methods
We sequenced these five genes in 1255 multi-ethnic cleft lip with/without palate and cleft palate only samples in order to find variants that may provide potential explanations for the missing heritability of orofacial clefts. Rare and novel variants were further analyzed using in-silico predictive tools.
Results
19 total variants of interest were found, with variant types including stop-gain, missense, synonymous, intronic, and splice-site variants. Of these, 3 novel missense variants were found, one in SHH, one in RORA, and one in GDF11.
Conclusion
This study provides evidence that variants in SHH, RORA, MRPL53, ACVR1, and GDF11 may contribute to risk of orofacial clefts in various populations.
Description
Scholarly articles
Keywords
Variant analysis , Candidate genes , Orofacial clefts , Multiethnic population , Research Subject Categories::ODONTOLOGY
Citation
Li M, Olotu J, Buxo-Martinez CJ, Mossey PA, Anand D, Busch T, Alade A, Gowans LJJ, Eshete M, Adeyemo WL, Naicker T, Awotoye WO, Gupta S, Adeleke C, Bravo V, Huang S, Adamson OO, Toraño AM, Bello CA, Soto M, Soto M, Ledesma R, Marquez M, Cordero JF, Lopez-Del Valle LM, Salcedo MI, Debs N, Petrin A, Malloy H, Elhadi K, James O, Ogunlewe MO, Abate F, Hailu A, Mohammed I, Gravem P, Deribew M, Gesses M, Hassan M, Pape J, Obiri-Yeboah S, Arthur FKN, Oti AA, Donkor P, Marazita ML, Lachke SA, Adeyemo AA, Murray JC, Butali A. Variant Analyses of Candidate Genes in Orofacial Clefts in Multi-Ethnic Populations. Oral Dis 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.13932.