Antibiotics, algal evaluations and subacute effects of abattoir wastewater on liver function enzymes, genetic and haematologic biomarkers in the freshwater fish, Clarias gariepinus
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Date
2021-01-30
Authors
Oyeniran, D.O.
Sogbanmu, Temitope O.
Adesalu, T.A.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Elsevier Inc.
Abstract
Abattoirs are positioned close to freshwaters in most developing countries where untreated wastewaters are
discharged into with potential risk to aquatic life such as fish and ultimately human health. We assessed
physicochemical parameters, antibiotics (oxytetracycline and diclofenac) and algal load of effluent collected
from a major abattoir in Nigeria. Furthermore, liver function enzymes, genotoxic and haemotoxic effects of
subacute concentration (10% of 96 hLC50 value) of the wastewater were evaluated over a period of 28 d in Clarias
gariepinus (The African Sharptooth Catfish). The 96 hLC50 value of the abattoir wastewater against C. gariepinus
was 154.14 mL/L (15.4%). Nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, chloride, ammonia, TDS, TSS, BOD5 and heavy
metals (Fe and Pb) in the wastewater were above permissible limits while diclofenac and oxytetracycline were
below detection limit (BDL). Microalgae in the wastewater were mostly Bacilliariophyta (Navicula spp.) (45.64%)
and euglenoids (Euglena and Phacus spp.) (49.48%). Liver function enzymes (LDH, AST, ALT) level were higher in
exposed fishes except for ALP which was lower at day 28 compared to control levels. Erythrocytic genotoxic
indices (nuclear abnormalities) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the exposed fishes particularly at day 28
compared to control. Haematologic indices level such as WBC, MCV MCH, MCHC increased significantly (p <
0.05) while lymphocytes, HGB, RBC, HCT levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the exposed C. gariepinus by
day 28 compared to control. These results demonstrate potential adverse effects posed to aquatic fish species in
the Ogun River by the discharge of the abattoir effluent. The microalgae species identified in the effluent may be
explored for pre-treatment of the effluent before discharge in order to prevent eutrophication and increased
pollutant load in the River. The study results will contribute to evidence-based environmental risk management
of the River which is relevant to the UN SDGs 6 (clean water and sanitation), 11 (sustainable cities and communities)
and 14 (sustaining life below water).
Description
Scholarly articles
Keywords
African catfish , Antibiotics , Livestock processing effluent , Biomarkers , SDGs , Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES
Citation
Oyeniran, D. O., Sogbanmu, T. O. and Adesalu, T. A. (2021). Antibiotics, algal evaluations and subacute effects of abattoir wastewater on liver function enzymes, genetic and haematologic biomarkers in the freshwater fish, Clarias gariepinus. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 212: 111932