Zoology-Scholarly Publications

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    Open Access
    Primarily cultured gill epithelium as prototypes for assessing fish response to heavy metal exposure
    (Unilag Journal of Medicine, Science and Technology, 2019) Bawa-Allah, K.A; Otitoloju, A.A; Saliu, J.K; Bury, N.B; Stott, C.L
    Texts attached
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    Open Access
    Single and Joint action studies of trace elements in binary mixtures against Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron
    (Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Science, 2019) Bawa-Allah, K.A.; Saliu, J.K; Otitoloju, A.A
    Texts attached
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    Open Access
    BLOOD AND GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT PROTOZOA INFECTIONS OF DOMESTICATED CHICKEN SLAUGHTERED IN LAGOS CENTRAL, SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA.
    (UNILAG Journal of Medicine, Science and Technology (UJMST), 2019) Adeyemi O.O.; Idowu E.T.; Otubanjo O.A.; Ajayi M.B.
    This study investigated the prevalence and intensity of blood and intestinal protozoa infections of domestic chickens slaughtered at the Oyingbo live-bird market in Lagos State, Nigeria. Blood and intestinal samples were collected from a total of 100 birds from October through December, 2016. Thin and thick smears of blood were parasitologically screened. Mucosal scrapings and intestinal contents were examined microscopically in the laboratory for other parasitic infections using wet preparation and Ziehl-Neelsen acid-fast staining techniques. Parasitaemia counts were estimated. Oocysts of eimeria spp. were recorded in the various sections of the alimentary canal. Plasmodium spp. were the only haemoprotozoa encountered in the study, with a prevalence of 16%. There was no statistically significant difference in malaria infection between sexes and breeds of chickens (p>0.05). of the birds sampled in the study, 22 (22%) were infected with eimeria spp., while 18 (18%) had cryptosporidium spp. infection. exotic breeds had a higher prevalence rate of Cryptosporidium spp. infection than the local breeds (p<0.05). There was however no statistically significant difference in the enteric protozoa infections between sexes of the chickens (p>0.05). Majority of the birds (72.2%) infected with Cryptosporidium spp. had unapparent infections when compared to those with severe and low-grade infections (p<0.05). Eimeria spp. was most prevalent in the jejunum (29.41%) and occurred least in the large intestine (8.82%). The occurrence of protozoan infections among poultry in this study suggests the need for control, so as to deliver safe and wholesome poultry products.
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    Open Access
    Eimeria Species and Haemosporidia of Domestic Chickens and Guinea Fowls Sold at Selected Poultry Markets in Lagos, Nigeria.
    (Pan African Journal of Life Sciences, 2019) Idowu E.T.; Adeyemi O.O.; Ezenwanne S.C.; Otubanjo O.A.; Ajayi M.B.
    Parasitic diseases are a major setback to sustainable poultry production. This study determined the occurrence of Eimeria species and haemosporidia among domestic chickens and helmeted guinea fowls in live-bird markets in Lagos State, Nigeria. Blood samples and intestinal contents at three distinct segments of the gut were collected from 60 domestic chickens and guinea fowls each. Wet smears of intestinal contents were microscopically examined for oocysts typical of Eimeria species while thin films of blood were Giemsa-stained for the demonstration of protozoa. Results revealed that 19(31.7%) and 21(35%) chickens and guinea fowls were positive for Eimeria spp. infection respectively. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in Eimeria spp. infections between the chicken breeds nor between sexes of both birds. Oocysts of Eimeria were mostly recovered from the caeca and small intestines of the guinea fowls and chickens respectively. Domestic chickens were infected with three different haemoprotozoa: Plasmodium spp. (23.3%), Leucocytozoon spp. (6.7%) and Haemoproteus spp. (3.3%); while Plasmodium spp. (15%) and Haemoproteus spp. (3.3%) were the only blood protozoa infecting guinea fowls. The infection rates of haemosporidia between the breeds of chickens and the sexes of both birds did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Eimeria parasites and haemosporidia are prevalent among chickens and guinea fowls sold in Lagos State. To prevent severe economic losses in the future, appropriate control measures should be designed and implemented.
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    Open Access
    Seasonal Occurrences and Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters in Sediment, Water and Biota of Two Sub Saharan Rivers.
    (2021) Germaine A.O.; Saliu J.K.; Osuala F.I.
    The global environmental occurrence of phthalates is inevitable due to their substantial annual production and consumption rate of approximately 5 million tonnes. This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal occurrence of selected phthalate esters congeners in sediment, water, and biota in two freshwater bodies (River Owena and River Ogbese) in Nigeria, and to calculate their ecological risks they pose to aquatic organisms. Dibutyl-phthalate (DBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), and dimethyl-phthalate had an all-year presence in various environmental matrices. DBP was the most prevalent phthalate congener in all environmental matrices with a considerable potential to bioaccumulate in fsh tissues. The estimated risk quotient calculated revealed that DBP and DEHP showed a high risk to algae, invertebrates, and fsh populations in both freshwater bodies. It is recommended that more comprehensive monitoring campaigns in freshwater bodies be implemented, especially in areas with high anthropogenic activities, to prevent deterioration of aquatic life.