Anthropometric, Socio-demographic and biochemical risk factors of hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria
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Date
2021-01-20
Authors
Ebuehi, O.A.T.
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Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Abstract
Background: Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and all cause death globally and in Africa. The prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria is 28.9%. In
Nigeria, analytical studies to determine risk factors and potential biomarkers of hypertension
are lacking. This study was conducted to determine lifestyle, anthropometric, socio demographic, and biochemical risk factors associated with hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria.
Method: This case–control study was conducted among 410 participants, aged 18–65 years.
A well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from cases and controls.
Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken. Blood samples were also
collected for biochemical analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk
factors associated with hypertension. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.
P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: In total, 205 hypertensive cases and 205 normotensive controls were recruited. The
mean ± SD age of the participants was 39.25 ± 11.49 years. Overall, 180 (44%) of participants
were female. Logistic regression analysis indicated that obesity (OR = 3.324, 95%
CI = 1.693–6.527, P= 0.000), family history (OR = 2.861, 95% CI = 1.731–4.729, P= 0.000),
hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.940, 95% CI = 1.577–5.480, P= 0.001), insufficient fruits and
vegetables intake (OR = 0.152, 95% CI = 0.085–0.273, P= 0.000), frequent intake of dietary salt
(OR = 0.400, 95% CI = 0.198–0.810, P= 0.011), and smoking status (OR = 3.709, 95%
CI = 1.061–12.964, P= 0.040) were significantly associated with hypertension.
Conclusion: Population-based approaches to reduce exposure to hypertension risk factors are
required for effective prevention and control of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases in
Lagos, Nigeria.
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Citation
Charity E. Chukwu, Osaretin A.T. Ebuehi, Janet N.A. Ajuluchukwu & Adedeji H. S. Olashore (2021) Anthropometric, socio-demographic and biochemical risk factors of hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria, Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 57:1, 44-51, DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2021.1874626