Physicochemical characteristics, animal species diversity and oxidative stress responses in dominant fish from an impacted site on the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria
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Date
2020-08-24
Authors
Nwabueze, Chioma Joy
Sogbanmu, Temitope Olawunmi
Ugwumba, Adiaha A. A.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University
Abstract
The evaluation of biomarkers in resident fisheries of aquatic ecosystems is important for risk assessment of
such ecosystems. In this study, surface water and sediment physicochemical characteristics, macrobenthic
invertebrate and fish species diversity and oxidative stress of dominant fish were evaluated at an anthropogenicimpacted site (Iddo) as well as a reference site (after the Third Mainland Bridge) of the Lagos lagoon, Nigeria,
over a period of three (3) months. Surface water analysis result showed that the Total dissolved solids (TDS)
o
(5.54±2.85 mg/L), Salinity (5.09±2.56 / ), Conductivity (6.51±4.54 µS/cm), Nitrates (4.70±1.49 mg/L), oo
Phosphates (3.03±0.60 mg/L), Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) (18.62±3.77 mg/L) and Chemical oxygen
demand (COD) (463.44±65.83 mg/L) were significantly higher at the test site compared to the reference site.
The COD of the sediment were significantly higher (p<0.05) at the test site compared to the reference while the
other sediment physicochemical parameters except pH were higher at the test site compared to the reference
site. Macrobenthic invertebrate species diversity were slightly higher (1.70) at the reference site compared to the
test site (1.66) while species richness were higher at the test site (1.43) compared to the reference site (1.26). Fish
species diversity (1.95) and richness (1.79) were higher at the test site compared to the reference site. Dominant
fish species at the test and reference sites were Ethmalosa fimbriata (Bonga shad) and Sarotherodon melanotheron
(Blackchin Tilapia) respectively. There were increased levels of antioxidant enzymes and biomoleculesglutathione S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) and
malondialdehyde (MDA) in the gills and liver of E. fimbriata indicative of oxidative stress. Further studies on
biomarkers at lower levels of biological organisation are recommended for holistic evaluations and evidencebased intervention if necessary. This will support the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable
Development Goal 14 (life below water).
Description
Keywords
Lagos lagoon , Animal species diversity , Oxidative stress indices , Dominant fish species , Sewage
Citation
Nwabueze, C. J., Sogbanmu, T. O. and Ugwumba, A. A. A. (2020). Physicochemical characteristics, animal species diversity and oxidative stress responses in dominant fish from an impacted site on the Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Ife Journal of Science 22(2): 81-93