Antinociceptive and anti-arthritic effects of aqueous whole plant extract of Trianthema portulacastrum in rodents: Possible mechanisms of action
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Date
2019-03-28
Authors
FALADE, T
ISHOLA, I.O
AKINLEYE, M.O
OLADIMEJI-SALAMI, J.A
ADEYEMI, O.O
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Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae) is used in traditional African Medicine for the treatment of various illnesses including dropsy, inflammation and rheumatism.
Aim of the study: This study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive and anti-arthritic properties of the aqueous whole plant extract of Trianthema portulacastrum (AETP), possible mechanisms of action and characterize some of the active constituents.
Materials and methods: Antinociceptive activity was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate tests in mice. The carrageenan test was used to induce a transient inflammation while arthritis was induced with complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) in rats. On completion of CFA-induced arthritis macroscopic observations, the rats were euthanized to isolate the spleen, liver and limbs for estimation of oxidative stress and histological analysis.
Results: AETP (10, 50, or 250 mg/kg; p.o.) produced significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent inhibition (41.10, 50.40, and 67.10%, respectively) of writhing response elicited by acetic acid. Also, increased pain threshold of supraspinally mediated nociceptive behaviour, with peak maximum possible effect (MPE) obtained at 250 mg/kg (22.98%; 30 min post-treatment). However, the pre-treatment of mice with Nitro-L-arginine (LNNA) or naloxone reversed AETP-induced antinociception. In another experiment, AETP produced time course inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema with peak effect (50.60%) at 250 mg/kg as well as significant reduction in CFA-induced arthritis by 58.56%, on day 27 and arthritic index (26.84%). Similarly, AETP attenuated CFA-induced MDA generation and deficit in antioxidant enzyme activities. Histological analysis of rat joints revealed a reduction in the synovial hyperplasia and mononuclear infiltration induced by CFA in AETP
treated groups.
Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that T. portulacastrum possesses anti-nociceptive action through nitrergic and opioidergic signalling as well as anti-arthritic effect through enhancement of antioxidant defense system and inhibition of release or actions of inflammatory mediators.
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Keywords
Freund’s adjuvant , Hot plate , Arthritis , Antioxidant , Opoid receptor , Nitric oxide
Citation
Antinociceptive and anti-arthritic effects of aqueous whole plant extract of Trianthema portulacastrum in rodents: Possible mechanisms of action T. Faladea, I.O. Isholaa,∗, M.O. Akinleyeb, J.A. Oladimeji-Salamic, O.O. Adeyemi Journal of Ethnopharmacology 238 (2019) 111831