Biomonitoring of aquatic pollution: status and trends from genomics to populations
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Date
2020-12-31
Authors
Adeyemo, O.K.
Sogbanmu, Temitope O.
Selim, A.A.
Denslow, N.D.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
The Nigerian Academy of Science
Abstract
Biomonitoring offers an appealing tool for the assessment of pollution in aquatic ecosystem. Biological processes, species, or communities of bioindicators are used to assess the quality of the environmentand how it changes over time. Bioindicators include algae, macrophytes, zooplanktons, insects, bivalves, molluscs, gastropods, fish, amphibians, and others. Changes in aquatic ecosystems are often attributed to anthropogenic disturbances, including pollution. Major contributors to aquatic pollution include wastewater, metals and metalloids, industrial effluents, contaminated sediments, nutrients, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, flame retardants, persistent organic pollutants, pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs, emerging contaminants (such as microplastics and engineered nanoparticles), pesticides, herbicides, and endocrine disruptors. In this review, we discuss categories of aquatic pollutants, status and trends of aquatic biomonitoring and approaches, from genomics to populations. We conclude by offering recommendations for research and regulatory testing.
Description
Keywords
Bioindicators , Biomonitoring , Pollution , Ecotoxicological tools