Aetiology of bacteraemia among adult aids patients attending lagos university teaching hospital (luth), lagos, nigeria
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Date
2009-09-03
Authors
Ogunsola, F.T.
Arewa, D.G.
Akinsete, I.E.
Oduyebo, O.O.
Akanmu, A.S.
Odugbemi, T.O.
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Abstract
Background: Bacteraemia is a relatively common event in HIV-infected patients,
especially in late infection. Studies in Africa have shown that more than 23% of
AIDS patients have bacteraemia but there is paucity of data from Nigeria.
Methods: Blood samples from 67 consecutive patients with A/OS attending the
Lagos University Teaching Hospitafbetween April and August 2000 were cultured.
Temperature, ESR, Full blood count, and where possible C04 counts were
obtained. Socio-demographic details were also recorded. Thirty apparently healthy
people were randomly selected from a low-risk population to act as non-AIDS
controls. The Oxoid Signal Blood Culture System was used to investigate
bacteraemia. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were carried out on all isolates.
Results: Twenty-two (33%) of the 67 AIDS patients were culture positive. Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp (45.5%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (22. 7%)
and Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) were most commonly isolated. One isolate
each of Klebsie/la pneumoniae, Pseudomonas eeruqtnose and Bacillus spp were
identified. All bacteraemic patients had temperatures above 3B°C and white blood
cell counts ranged between 2, 700 - 13, 500/mm'. There was a high rate of antibiotic
resistance particularly to ch/oramphenicol, tetracyclines, cotrimoxazole and blactam antibiotics. However, most isolates were still susceptible to gentamicin and
the fluoroquinolones. There was no significant difference in the socio-demographics
of the bacteraemic AIDS and non-bacteraemic AIDS patients.
Conclusion: Salmonella spp. were the most common aetiological agent of
bacteraemia among AIDS patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital
(LUTH), Niqerie. A high temperature was a pointer to the presence of bactaeraemia
while total white blood cell counts were not useful. It is recommended that blood
culture should be done for AIDS patients with elevated temperature irrespective of
the total white blood cell count.
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Keywords
Bacteraemia , Human immunodeflency virus , Aids , Blood culture
Citation
Ogunsola, F.T, Arewa, D.G, Akinsete, I.E, Oduyebo, O.O, Akanmu, A.S. and Odugbemi, T.O. (2009). Aetiology of Bacteraemia among adult AIDS patients attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos Nigeria. The Nigerian Postgrad. Med Journal 16:186-19252. Ogunsola FT, Arewa DG, Akinsete IE, Oduyebo OO, Akanmu AS, Odugbemi TO. (2009) Aetiology of Bacteraemia among adult AIDS patients attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos Nigeria. The Nigerian Postgrad. Med Journal 16:186-192
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https://ir.unilag.edu.ng/handle/123456789/7224
https://ir.unilag.edu.ng/handle/123456789/7224