Botany-Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Botany-Scholarly Publications by Author "Adekoya, K. O."

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    Open Access
    Assessment of Genetic Relationships Between Two Species of Jute Plants Using Phenotypic and RAPD Markers
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2010) Ogunkanmi, L. A.; Okunowo, W. A.; Oyelakin, O. O.; Adesina, O. O.; Adekoya, K. O.; Ogundipe, O.T.
    The genus Corchorus is one of the most important fibre crops, in order to improve this largely neglected crop, it is essential to understand the pattern of diversity in this important crop species. In this study, inter and intra genetic diversity analysis of 40 genotypes from C. olitorius and 40 genotypes from C. incisifolus was carried out using sixteen RAPD markers. The molecular study of the two species classified C. olitorius into two main clusters with five genotypes unresolved while there are three clusters with all the genotypes clearly separated in C. incisifolus. The results of both inter and intra genetic diversities revealed a higher level of allelic diversity in C. incisifolus than in C. olitorius. In the morphological study, higher mean and higher upper range values for all the five quantitative traits in C. incisifolus indicated its superiority over C. olitorius. However, both species show divergent attributes in four qualitative traits but similar in two characters. This could be attributed to higher level of natural outcrossing in C. incisifolus relative to that of C. olitorius. Results of this study therefore show that RAPD marker is a useful tool for assessing inter and intra genetic diversity in the two species of Corchorus. Therefore selection could be made from the diverse genotypes as parents for crosses designed for breeding improved jute cultivars and for producing mapping populations for QTL analysis.
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    Open Access
    Genetic diversity in Nigerian brinjal eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
    (Academic Journals, 2014) Sifau, M. O.; Akinpelu, A.; Ogunkanmi, L. A.; Adekoya, K. O.; Oboh, B. O.; Ogundipe, O.T.
    The taxonomy of Solanum melongena L., also known as brinjal eggplant, has remained difficult because previous studies to establish genetic relationships among taxa are mainly based on morphological features, which are insufficient to establish genetic affinities. In the present investigation, five highly polymorphic random amplified polymorphic DNA primers were used to describe the genetic similarity and diversity among its accessions in Nigeria. The results show a high level of polymorphism based on the banding patterns among the samples. This indicated a wide and diverse genetic base. Four distinct clusters were equally noticeable at a coefficient of 0.80 from the dendrogram generated. Generally, the grouping pattern clearly indicates that irrespective of variations in fruit traits among samples, they were still grouped together in different clusters with a high similarity coefficient value. This probably showed some genetic relatedness/closeness among the samples concerned. The study also revealed that there is no association between RAPD pattern and the geographic origin of accessions. These agreed with previously published data on the characterization of eggplant. The study disclosed that molecular methods coupled with morphological analyses could make proper classification of S. melongena and other Solanum species in Nigeria possible to achieve.
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    Open Access
    Leaf Epidermal Features in 14 Species of Vernonia.
    (Egyptian Society for Biological Sciences, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Sciences Ain Shams University., 2018) Nwakanma, N. M. C.; Adekoya, K. O.; Kadiri, A. B.; Oboh, B. O.
    The objective of this study was to assess the leaf epidermal micro-morphology in some Vernonia species in Nigeria. .In–situ morphological characterization was carried out on 61 field samples consisting of 14 Vernonia species collected from Nigeria. Light microscopic studies of the foliar epidermal micromorphology were undertaken on the 14 Vernonia species from field collections with a view to elucidating the taxonomic significance of the epidermal features. The characters were analyzed to determine the variations which may be useful in species identification. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of epidermal characteristics revealed diagnostic features such as anomocytic stomatal type found on amphistomatic and hypostomatic leaves. Mean stomata index ranged from 1.06 % - 22.22 % in the genus. The epidermal cell shape was mostly polygonal or sinuous on both surfaces or polygonal or sinuous on either surface. Anticlinal wall pattern was straight or undulate on both surfaces or straight/curved or undulate on either surface, as well as wavy or undulate on either surface. Multicellular and other trichomes which manifested various geometrical forms were also observed.
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    Open Access
    Morphological variability among Nigerian eggplants (Solanum l.) and their wild relatives
    (Federal University Wukari Taraba State, Nigeria, 2018) Sifau, M. O.; Adekoya, K. O.; Ogunkanmi, L. A.; Oboh, B. O.
    Solanum L., is the largest genus of the family Solanaceae with over 2,000 species. Considering their worldwide distribution, a remarkably high level of morphological diversity has manifested at the species, the cultivar and the generic levels. This coupled with the crossability affinities between S. melongena and other distantly related Solanum species producing fertile F1 hybrids makes classification much more complicated. This extreme diversity of the species of Solanum has been attributed to its great antiquity, as well as its extraordinary rate of speciation. This study explored and determined the levels of both inter and intra genetic relationships as well as variability among vegetable Solanum and wild related species collected from Southern Nigeria. Forty nine samples representing 12 different species of vegetable Solanum and related species were randomly collected and studied. Data obtained from measurement of thirty seven quantitative and qualitative phenotypic characters were analyzed. Analysis of these traits showed samples occurring in 11 major clusters while 2 samples remained ungrouped at a truncated line of 51%. The correlation coefficient 0.75 for the highest similarity between genotypes and the least 0.34 displayed a good separation from a conserved region of the genome. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also revealed that fruit characters were important agronomic marker traits with a cumulative total variation of 67.96%. These characters most effectively discriminated among samples and hence are useful in establishing a simple but effective vegetable Solanum classification system in Nigeria.
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    Open Access
    Partitioning and distribution of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) variation among eggplant Solanum L. in Southwest Nigeria
    (Academic Journals, 2014) Sifau, M. O.; Ogunkanmi, L. A.; Adekoya, K. O.; Oboh, B. O.; Ogundipe, O.T.
    Solanum L., the largest genus of the Solanaceae family, vary morphologically, is diverse in number and is ecogeographically distributed. In Nigeria, previous studies had focused mainly on chromosome morphology, genome description and medicinal values, which are insufficient for genetic affinities. This study used four highly polymorphic random amplified polymorphic DNA primers to describe both the genetic relatedness and variability among 25 accessions of eggplant from Southwestern Nigeria. At a truncated line of 65%, five clusters and two ungrouped samples are distinguishable from the dendrogram. The data reveals that Solanum dasyphyllum Schum. & Thonn. is more closely related to Solanum macrocarpon L. than to Solanum melongena L. The relatedness between Solanum incanum L. and Solanum melongena, a probability of being progenitors from a common ancestral lineage was also shown. Occurrence of Solanum scabrum L. and Solanum nigrum L. in the same clusters different from S. melongena, is an indication of distant relatedness to S. melongena but close relatedness between them. High level of polymorphism was observed in this study going by the coefficient of variation which exhibited a good separation from a conserved region of the genome. This study, therefore, reveals a wide and diverse genetic base in Nigerian eggplant Solanum.
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    Open Access
    Phylogenetic relationship among Eggplant Solanum L. and related species in Southern Nigeria as revealed by nuclear and chloroplast genes
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2014) Sifau, M. O.; Ogunkanmi, L. A.; Adekoya, K. O.; Oboh, B. O.; Ogundipe, O.T.
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    Open Access
    Role of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid and salicylic acid in alleviating cytogenetic toxicity of copper in roots of Allium cepa (L.)
    (Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2013) Umebese, C. E.; Azeez, T. A.; Adekoya, K. O.
    The ameliorative impact of salicylic acid (SA) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) on cytogenetic and growth changes induced in Allium cepa by toxic concentration of copper (Cu) was investigated. Onion bulbs were treated with solutions prepared from different combinations of these substances: Cu (100.79 mmol l-1), Cu + EDTA (1273.75 mmol l-1), Cu + SA (1000.00 mmol l-1), Cu + EDTA + SA for 5 days. It was observed that Cu toxicity inhibited root length and root biomass by 43% and 76% respectively, and induced a 71% decrease in the mitotic index. Chromosomal aberrations such as anaphase bridges, stickiness and vagrant were also induced in treated roots. The damaging effect of Cu on the mitotic index was reduced to 16% and 34% by EDTA and SA, respectively. Though SA was not as effective as EDTA in protecting root length and biomass, it demonstrated some degree of ameliorative effects on the sticky chromosomes. However, the impact of EDTA seemed to be hindered by the presence of SA. In all treatments the absorbance ratio (A260/280) of DNA remained 1.8-2.0, indicating that the quality of DNA was not significantly affected by the tested Cu concentration. Chelating Cu with EDTA protected root growth and cytotoxic effects while SA corrected genotoxic effects caused by Cu toxicity.