Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy- Conference Papers

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Browsing Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy- Conference Papers by Author "Aderemi-Williams, R.I."

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    Open Access
    Assessment of Caregivers' Adherence to ARV Drugs Administration in HIV-Infected Children
    (2012) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ajagbe, A.
    Texts attached
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    Baseline Assessment of HIV Sero-Status disclosure among Patients Attending a Military treatment Site in Nigeria
    (2009-04) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Tayo, F.; Sagoe, A.; Zachariah, M.; Ibitoye, A.
    Texts attached
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    Open Access
    Drug Therapy Problems and Adherence amongst HIV-Positive Patients Attending a Treatment Site in Middle Belt Nigeria
    (2014) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Akoji, E.; Ogbo, P.
    Background: With the expansion in the accessibility of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) in the management of people living with HIV and AIDS in resource limited environment, drug therapy problems (DTPs) can be a possible challenge. Hence the need to identify DTPs and the possible causes amongst HIV-positive patients on highly active anti- retroviral Therapy (HAART). Methods: This was a 6-month prospective study using a form designed to extract the relevant data that met the study objectives. The data col- lated were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: Most (76%) of the patients affected by DTPs were females and aged more than 15 years old (73%). A total of 18 DTPs were iden- tified. The major 5 were: unavailable prescribed medicines (30; 13.95%), undesirable effects (24; 11.16%). use of non-prescribed sedatives (23; 10.70%), use of non-prescribed antimalarial drugs (21; 9.77%) and use of herbal medicines (20; 9.30%). The major causes of the identified DTPs were: unnecessary drug therapy (59; 27.44%), non-adherence (47; 21.86%). patient needed additional therapy (36; 15.74%). and adverse drug reactions (30; 13.95%). Conclusions: DTPs exists in this treatment center and the causes include non-adherence. There is need for continual pharmacist mon- itoring and intervention with other healthcare providers as part of the pharmaceutical care plan when patients come for drug refill.
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    Effect of Patients' Knowledge of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy on Adherence in a Treatment Site in Lagos, Nigeria
    (2016) Sagoe, A.; Tayo, F.; Aderemi-Williams, R.I.
    Background: Patients' knowledge about HIVand antiretroviral therapy has been found to have varying effect on patients' adherence to treat- ment. This study assessed various aspects of patients' knowledge and the effect on adherence. Methods: This was part of the longitudinal observational study carried out from December, 2006 to December, 2010. Validated questionnaires set to meet study objectives were administered to 294 eligible patients on whom on-going adherence counseling and monitoring of patients' clinical data were done. Pharmacy refill record measure of adherence was used. Data from 248 patients that completed the study were ana- Iyzed using SPSSversion 15.0 statistical package. Logistic regression model was used to determine the effect of knowledge on adherence. Results: Social and clinical demographic data analysis of study patients showed that 134 (54%) were married, 148 (59.70%) female, 106 (42.70%) had secondary school education and 208 (56.40%) employed. Their mean age was 40.39 :t8.78 years and mean baseline CD4 cell counts was 143.46 :t92. 72 cells/pl, At baseline 66.10% of the patients were on 12- hourly regimen while 33.90% were on 24-hourly regimen. Mean patients' pharmacy refill record of adherence at the end of the study was 96.64% :t 6.95%. In the twelfth month of study patients' knowledge of drug management and drug adherence were significantly predictive of adherence at p <0.05. Conclusion: Continuous patient education on HIV,antiretroviral treatment and need for adherence can contribute significantly in HIV+patients' adherence.
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    Open Access
    Favourable socio-economic factors reduce HIV related stigma and improve quality of life
    (2010) Ebiere, H.; Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ezechi, O.C.; Odunukwe, N.N.; Onwujekwe, D.I.; Musa, S.O.; Addeh, J.E.; Okwuonu, D.U.; Idigbe, O.E.
    BACKGROUND: Stigma is described as "an attribute that is deeply discrediting" and results in the reduction of a person or group "from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one." Discrimination is the societal response to the negative value attached to the stigma an individual may carry. Stigma has consequences on the prevention of HIY infection and care of d in eren 'ally, on quality of life. Quality of life a is popularly used to convey an overall se o~ ...e I be' g and i des aspects such as happiness d s isfocti . li e as a whole. OBJECT1VE: e level of stigmatization in PlWHA and its effect on quality of life. METHOD: This was a cross sectional study. Data collection was done by randomly administering the questionnaire. The study instrument is a questionnaire adapted from a combination of the Tanzania Stigma questionnaire and the WHOQOl-HIY questionnaire. The sample size is 70. RESULT: The study showed that there was stigma among PlWHA to the magnitude of 51 %. This discovery could be attributed to the favourable socio-economic characteristics of the respondents such as their level of educati
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    Knowledge, attitude and perception (KAP) of HIV/AIDS and the use of ARVS by people living with HIV (PLWH) attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)
    (University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2007-12-03) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ola, I.O; Tayo, F.
    INTRODUCTION: With the advent of antiretroviral drugs, infection with HIV is no longer the death sentence it used to be. The management of the infection however requires that patients be fully involved for successful management. This is very 104 important as management with HAART requires not less than 95% adherence to achieve complete viral suppression, increase CD4 cell counts thereby preventing emergence of resistant strains with the attendant dire consequences. OBJECTIVES: The study therefore aimed to have an insight into current knowledge, attitude and perception of HIV/AIDS and the use of ARVs by people living with HIV (PLWH) attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). METHODOLOGY: Pre-tested questionnaires set to achieve the study objectives were randomly administered to 1
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    Predictors of Adherence to HAART Using Doctor's Appointment Attendance Measure of Adherence
    (2013) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Fola, T.; Sagoe, A.; Zachariah, M.
    Background: The gain in the provision of antiretroviral therapy in resource limited settings has put pressure on the available infra- structure including the care providers. High patient load has lead to weak monitoring of the patients on HAART. The aim of this study was to determine patients' adherence to Doctor's appointment atten- dance over time and to predict factors affecting adherence in patients assessing care in a treatment centre in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: The study was longitudinal in design, carried out between December, 2006 to December, 2010 using validated questionnaires and monitoring of patients' clinical progress. Doctor's appointment attendance was calculated as Total # of appointment scheduled - # of doctor's appointment missed/ Total # of appointment scheduled *100. Patients with 95% or more were considered adherent. An inter- vention reducing patients' doctors; appointment to quarterly and tying it to drug refill was done in 2010. SPSS version 15.0 was used to analyze the data collected from 248 patients, Predictors of adher- ence were determined using Logistic regressing model. Results: Social and clinical demographic data analysis showed that 134 (54.0%) were married, 148 (59.7%) females, 106 (42.7%) had secondary school education and 208 (56.4%) employed. Mean age was 40.4+-8.8 years, mean baseline CD4 cells of 143.5 +- 92.7cells/microlitre. Trend in adherence rate was 51.3% in 2007 (N= 119),35.9% in 2008 (N=248), 14.9% in 2009 and 93,1% in 2010. Average rate of patie
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    Open Access
    Profile of Adverse Effects reported by Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in a Treatment Site in Lagos, Nigeria
    (2009-04) Herbertson, E.; Tayo, F.; Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ezechi, O.; Odunukwe, N.
    Background: Funded treatment program provided by international donors have in recent years improved the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Nigeria. This benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has also been associated with some adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The study aimed to identify types of adverse effects being experienced by patients vis-a-vis some demographic characteristics. Method: A retrospective study was done of adult patients' case files and pharmacy ADR data collated from 2002 to 2007. Results: A total of 191 cases of reported ADRs were obtained from 4,313 patient case files, 9 cases were excluded due to incomplete data. Analysis showed more ADRs reported by females 115 (63.2%) than males, 67 (36.8%). The mean ages for the males and females respondents were 43 and 38.5 years. respectively. 21 types of ADRs were identified. The most frequently reported ADRs were lipodystrophy, 59 (9 males, 50 females); peripheral neuropathy, 48 (26 males, 22 females); central nervous system (CNS) effects, 15 (10 males,S females); and rash/itching, 13 (5 males. 8 females). The age range most affected by lipodystrophy and peripheral neuropathy in both sex was 36 to 45 years (6 males, 22 females and 15 males, 13 females. respectively). Both of these ADRs were reported by patients on a nevirapine (NVp)namivudine (3TC)/stavudine (d4T) HAART combination. The same age range in both sexes also reported incidence of CNS adverse effects with almost all (14) on an efavirenz (EFV)I3TCld4T combination; only 1 was on a NVP/tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) combination. Rashes and itching was experienced among patients within the age range of 20 to 45 with most (13) on NVP/3TCld4T combination with one patient on NVP/3TClabacavir (ABC) combination. Conclusions: Observed ADRs were similar to reported ADRs. Age range most affected was 36 to 45 years.
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    A Retrospective study on the treatment of adult tuberculosis in Lagos University Teaching Hospital
    (University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2011-10) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ajamu, I.J.
    After decades of decline,Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing worldwide. The increase in TB casesand deaths has been linked to HIV co-infection. Nigeria is rankedfourth amongst the 22 countries that account for 80 per centof all the cases of TB recorded worldwide. The objectives of this study were to assess the treatmentof adult tuberculosis in Lagos University TeachingHospital(LUTH)and the outcomes of treatment. A retrospective case study of 64 adult TB patients attended to between January 2006-December, 2010 in LUTHwas done. Analysis of records showed thatTB was not confirmed in 6(9.6%) of the cases.Most (64.1%) patients were male, withTB occurringmore (69.9%) amongst patientswithin 20-40 years age range.Forty-four (69.8%) were employed and 40(62.5%) married. Diagnoses were mainly done with chest X-rays (90.6%),Acid Fast Bacilli tests (82.8%) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rates (82.8%). All (90.6%) of the patients were treated with Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol (R.1.P.E)combination throughout the period of treatment. Treatment outcomes showed high level (62.5%) of defaulters with only 15 (23.4%)of the patients cured. The study has revealed weakmonitoring of TB patients which has resulted to high number of default.ers. There is need for further research to investigatethe reasons for this and thereby prevent the danger of patients developing and transmitting multidrug resistant TB to thepopulacedue to incomplete treatment.