Department of Medical Microbiology and parasitology

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Browsing Department of Medical Microbiology and parasitology by Author "Adetunji, A."

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    Open Access
    Audit: an essential tool for an effective control program - the lagos university teaching hospital experience
    (1999) Ogunsola, F.T.; Oduyebo, O.O.; Iregbu, K.C.; Adetunji, A.
    A team comprising doctors in the microbiology unit and the infection control nurse of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital went round the wards/units, recording the available infection control facilities and observing some procedures while they were being performed. A questionnaire was designed for the audit which included hand washing facilities, avaiiabilily and use of protective clothing, management of linen, waste disposal procedures, sharps handling, and environmental cleanliness. A total of 25 different ward/units were visited. Running water was present in only 40°/o of ward visited and most of the staff could not carry out an effective hand wash. There was a lack of protective clothing (gloves, aprons and masks) for staff carrying out potentially infectious procedures. Waste disposal was also a problem and clinical waste appears to be accessible to the public .. While sharps containers were available in 32% of the wards, they were inappropriately utilised and knowledge of staff ns to lheir use wns poor. Over eon:, of stnff did not know what to do in the case of an inoculation injury. The wards were generally clean and well protected against mosquitoes. Patients' handwash facilities in toilets were grossly inadequate, less than 7% had running water in the toilets while soap was supplied in only one ward. This audit showed great deficiencies in the available facilities for inlection control and reveals poor staff knowledge about infection control procedures. There is obviously an urgent need for both an infection control committee in the hospital and staff training on infection control procedures.
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    Open Access
    A review of nosocomial infections at the lagos university teaching hospital: problems and strategies for improvement
    (1998) Ogunsola, F.T.; Oduyebo, O.; Iregbu, K.C.; Coker, A.O.; Adetunji, A.
    The infection control programme of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital was started in 1974 with an Infection Control Team reporting to an Infection Control Committee. There is currently no functioning Infection Control Committee. An analysis of data of a hospital-wide surveillance obtained between November 1993-November 1996 is presented, highlighting the problems associated with maintaining an effective infection control programme in a developing economy and discussing possible solutions. The monthly prevalence ranged between 0.11- 8.1 % for nosocomial infections with a 14: I ratio of gram-negative to gram-positive organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebslella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli were the most common pathogens accounting for 75 % of all organisms isolated. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was only 4.8% of all isolates and that of hospitalacquired Plasmodium falciparum was 6.2 % . Urinary tract infections were the most common nosocomial infections and were often catheter-related. These were followed by wound infections of which 55.2% were surgical site infections. Nosocomial respiratory tract and bloodstream infections appear uncommon. Lack of an Infection Control Committee, lack of an effective antibiotic policy, poor funding, inadequate and ageing infrastructure including poor water supply and a lack of awareness of the cost benefits of an efficient programme have been identified as some of the problems mitigating against an effective infection control programme in the hospital.