Medical Microbiology and parasitology- Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Medical Microbiology and parasitology- Scholarly Publications by Subject "Aids"

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    Aetiology of bacteraemia among adult aids patients attending lagos university teaching hospital (luth), lagos, nigeria
    (2009-09-03) Ogunsola, F.T.; Arewa, D.G.; Akinsete, I.E.; Oduyebo, O.O.; Akanmu, A.S.; Odugbemi, T.O.
    Background: Bacteraemia is a relatively common event in HIV-infected patients, especially in late infection. Studies in Africa have shown that more than 23% of AIDS patients have bacteraemia but there is paucity of data from Nigeria. Methods: Blood samples from 67 consecutive patients with A/OS attending the Lagos University Teaching Hospitafbetween April and August 2000 were cultured. Temperature, ESR, Full blood count, and where possible C04 counts were obtained. Socio-demographic details were also recorded. Thirty apparently healthy people were randomly selected from a low-risk population to act as non-AIDS controls. The Oxoid Signal Blood Culture System was used to investigate bacteraemia. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were carried out on all isolates. Results: Twenty-two (33%) of the 67 AIDS patients were culture positive. Nontyphoidal Salmonella spp (45.5%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (22. 7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%) were most commonly isolated. One isolate each of Klebsie/la pneumoniae, Pseudomonas eeruqtnose and Bacillus spp were identified. All bacteraemic patients had temperatures above 3B°C and white blood cell counts ranged between 2, 700 - 13, 500/mm'. There was a high rate of antibiotic resistance particularly to ch/oramphenicol, tetracyclines, cotrimoxazole and blactam antibiotics. However, most isolates were still susceptible to gentamicin and the fluoroquinolones. There was no significant difference in the socio-demographics of the bacteraemic AIDS and non-bacteraemic AIDS patients. Conclusion: Salmonella spp. were the most common aetiological agent of bacteraemia among AIDS patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Niqerie. A high temperature was a pointer to the presence of bactaeraemia while total white blood cell counts were not useful. It is recommended that blood culture should be done for AIDS patients with elevated temperature irrespective of the total white blood cell count.