A ten year retrospective study of mycological infections at a tertiary hospital in lagos, nigeria

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Date
2013
Authors
Oladele, R.O.
Ogunsola, F.T.
Balogun, M.
Oduyebo, O.O.
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Abstract
Background: Mycoses have increased in importance largely due to medical progress and the increase in the population at risk. The HIV epidemic is one of the major factors that has contributed to the dramatic increase in the prevalence ofinvasive fungal infections. Objectives: To identify the types of fungi isolated, determine the pattern of requests to the laboratory and possible barriers to mycology diagnosis. Methods: This is a retrospective study. Data of all samples sent to the mycology laboratory from 2000-2010 were retrieved manually from the laboratory registers and entered into Microsoft excel spreadsheet. A total of 403 single samples were sent, no patient had multiple samples. Results: 207 of the samples were culture positive. The patients age range was from 5 weeks to 78 years, majority (86.1 %) of them were out-patients and most (79.4%) of the samples taken from them were skin scrapings. The isolated organisms were Dermatophytes (43%), Candida spp (41.5%), Malassezia furfur (7.7%) and Aspergi/lus spp (5.3%). Higher proportion of the in-patients had Candida spp (66.7%) and Aspergil/us spp (14.8%) • while more of the out-patients had dermatophytes isolated (42.3%). There was a progressive increase in number of isolates from 2001-2005. The most commonly isolated organisms were derrnatophytes; commonly T.mentagrophyte (31.4%) and Candida spp (41.5%); commonly C.albicans (27.1 %).There were no samples from critically ill patients or from patients normally considered at risk of invasive fungal infections. Conclusion: Superficial mycosis was the major diagnosis. There is an urgenfneed to drive the awareness of invasive fungal infections in our environment and introduction of serological and molecular diagnostic techniques.
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Keywords
Mycoses , Lagos , Retrospective· study , Derrnatophytes , Candida spp
Citation
Oladele, R.O, Ogunsola, F.T, Balogun, M. and Oduyebo, O.O. (2013). A ten year retrospective study of mycological infections at a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, :33;175-181.