Human immunodeficiency virus status in malnourished children seen at Lagos
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Date
2018
Authors
Temiye, E.O
Adeniyi, O.F
Fajolu, I.B
Ogbenna, A.A
Ladapo, T.A
Esezobor, C.I
Akinsulie, A.O
Mabogunje, C.A
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
PLoS ONE
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus and protein energy malnutrition are still prevalent in Nigeria and the occurrence of the two conditions together confers a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the current categories of malnutrition amongst under-5 children in Lagos, document their HIV status and determine any peculiarities in the clinical features, haematological and some biochemical profile in these children.
Methods
The study was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Paediatric departments of the
Lagos University Teaching Hospital and the Massey Street Children’s Hospital, both in
Lagos, over a 6-month period. All the subjects had anthropometry, HIV testing, full blood
count and serum proteins done. The factors associated with HIV status were determined
with the logistic regression analysis.
Results
Two hundred and fourteen (214) malnourished children 5 years, including 25 (11.7%) with
HIV were recruited in the study. Among the study participants, 150 (70.1%) and 54 (29.9%)
had moderate and severe malnutrition, respectively. Fever, cough and diarrhea were the
most common symptoms in the study participants. The haematological indices were compa-
rable in the two groups, the serum globulin levels though higher in the HIV infected group
was not statistically significantly different from the non-infected group.(p = 0.66). None of
the factors explored on multivariate analysis was able to predict the occurrence of the infec-
tion in this cohort.
Conclusion
Malnourished children remain a high risk group for HIV infection and the prevalence of the
infection obtained in this group of children is still unacceptably high. Discriminatory features between malnutrition and HIV remains difficult. The presence of hyperglobulinaemia on lab-
oratory analysis in a malnourished child may heighten the suspicion of possible underlying
associated HIV infection. Screening of malnourished children for HIV infection and further
longitudinal studies on malnourished children with HIV is advocated
Description
Scholarly articles
Keywords
Human immunodeficiency virus , Malnutrition , HIV status , Children , Research Subject Categories::MEDICINE
Citation
Temiye, E.O., Adeniyi, O.F., Fajolu, I.B., Ogbenna, A.A., Ladapo, T.A., Esezobor, C.I., et al. (2018) Human immunodeficiency virus status in malnourished children seen at Lagos. PLoS ONE, 13(10): e0200435. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200435