Department of Community Health and Primary Care

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Browsing Department of Community Health and Primary Care by Author "Abiola, AO"

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  • Item
    Open Access
    Age of initiation, Determinants and Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking among Teenagers in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria
    (2016) Abiola, AO; Balogun, O; Odukoya, O; Olatona, F.A.; Odugbemi, T; Moronkola, R; Solanke, A; Akintunde, O; Fatoba, O
    Background: Cigarette smoking constitutes a major threat to the health and wellbeing of teenagers. While smoking has been on the decline in the developed countries, the reverse is the case in developing countries. The aim of this study was to determine the age of initiation, determinants, and prevalence of cigarette smoking among teenagers in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among 475 teenagers selected by multistage sampling. A pre-tested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The study was carried out in November 2014. Results: The response rate was 84.6%. The mean age of the respondents was 16.4±1.65years. The range and mean age of initiation of cigarette smoking were 7 to 17 years and 12.0±3.32 years respectively. Teenagers who were above 15 years (OR:5.13, 95%CI: 0.87-30.26), males (OR:5.19, 95%CI: 1.57-17.18), married (OR:8.41, 95%CI: 1.04-63.35), had ≤primary school education(OR:4.31, 95%CI: 1.07-17.33), influenced by friends(OR:308.84, 95%CI: 84.87-1123.81), and influenced by advertisements (OR:27.83, 95%CI: 3.92-197.64) were more likely to have initiated cigarette smoking. Furthermore, teenagers who were males (OR:12.77, 95%CI: 2.90-56.28), married (OR:19.24, 95%CI: 2.05-180.45), had ≤primary school education(OR:7.85, 95%CI: 2.37-26.01), influenced by friends(OR:28.56, 95%CI: 10.86-75.07), and influenced by advertisements (OR:5.95, 95%CI: 1.72-20.61) were more likely to be current cigarette smokers. In addition, 24.9% had initiated cigarette smoking while 14.7% were current smokers of cigarettes. Conclusions: Mean age of initiation of cigarette smoking was 12.0±3.32 years. Determinants of cigarette smoking were age, gender, marital status, educational background, friends, and advertisements. The lifetime prevalence of cigarette smoking was higher than the prevalence of current cigarette smokers. Cigarette smoking reduction programs should take these factors into consideration.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Knowledge, attitude and practice of abortion among female students of two public senior secondary schools in Lagos Mainland local government area, Lagos state.
    (Journal of Clinical Sciences, 2016) Abiola, AO; Oke, OA; Balogun, MR; Olatona, FA; Adegbesan-Omilabu, MA
    Background: Unsafe abortion is a public health concern because of its dire reproductive health consequences and impact on maternal morbidity and mortality. Tackling this problem will go a long way toward achieving one of the Millennium Developmental Goals, which aim to reduce overall maternal mortality by two‑thirds by the year 2015. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of abortion and the factors associated with it among female students of two public senior secondary schools in Mainland Local Government Area, Lagos state. Materials and Methods: This was designed as a cross‑sectional, descriptive study. The multistage sampling method was used to select 210 respondents. Data were collected with self‑administered questionnaires and analyzed using the EPI Info software. The questionnaire was divided into four sections: the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, knowledge about abortion, attitudes toward abortion, and the practice of abortion. The responses to the knowledge and attitude questions were scored and graded as good (≥50%) and poor (<50%). Results: The response rate was 98%. The mean age of the respondents was 15.6   1.3 years. The majority (83.3%) of the respondents had good knowledge of abortion; almost all (99.2%) demonstrated poor attitude toward abortion; and only a few (2%) had ever had an abortion. There was a statistically significant association between the ages of the respondents and their knowledge of abortion (P = 0.004) as well as their attitude toward abortion (P = 0.03). Conclusion: The respondents showed good knowledge of abortion, poor attitude toward abortion, and a low of practice of abortion. There is, therefore, a need to improve and sustain the existing knowledge and attitudes toward abortion so as to reduce the practice of abortion among students of the two schools.
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    Open Access
    Utilization of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) among male students of a tertiary institution in Lagos State
    (Medknow Publications, 2014) Abiola, AO; Emehinola, OE; Olatona, F A; Sekoni, AO; Moronkola, RK
    Background: Malaria is an eminently preventable, treatable and curable disease. Proven effective options to reduce morbidity and mortality include early diagnosis, combined with prompt effective therapy and malaria prevention through reduction of human‑vector contact, emphasizing the use of insecticide‑treated nets (ITNs). The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and utilization of malaria preventive methods among the students residing in Mariere Hostel of the University of Lagos, Akoka. Materials and Methods: The study design was a cross‑sectional descriptive study. Simple random sampling method was used to select the respondents. Pre‑tested, structured, open and close‑ended self administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Data analysis was done using Epi info version 3.5.1 statistical software package. The study was carried out in February 2012. Results: A total of 221 out of the administered 250 questionnaires were retrieved and analyzed giving a response rate of 88.4%. All the respondents were males with a mean age of 20 ± 2.8 years. The mean knowledge score (%) of the respondents was 76.5 ± 3.19. Although, 91.0% of the respondents recommended the use of ITNs to all students, only 31.6% use ITNs. The major reason given for non‑usage of ITNs being that it is uncomfortable (45.3%). There was no statistically significant relationship between socio‑demographic characteristics and utilization of ITN. Conclusion: This study has demonstrated high level of knowledge of malaria and positive attitude towards malaria prevention but poor malaria prevention practice as evidenced by poor usage of insecticide‑treated nets. There is therefore need for more enlightenment campaigns to improve and sustain the knowledge and attitude towards malaria prevention as well as improve utilization of ITNs.