Physiology- Scholarly Publications

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Browsing Physiology- Scholarly Publications by Author "Akindele, AJ"

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  • Item
    Open Access
    Hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Brysocarpus coccineus Schumach. & Thonn. (Connaraceae)
    (2013) Dada, OK; Akindele, AJ; Sofidiya, MO; Morakinyo, AO; Ota, D
    AIM: Diabetes Mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The need for enhanced efficacy and safety, and cheaper and more readily available new drugs has increased the search for new antidiabetic drugs from plants. This study was conducted to investigate the antidiabetic activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of B. coccineus in rats. METHODS: The effect of B. coccineus extract (100–800 mg·kg–1, p.o.) on blood glucose levels in normal and glucose loaded rats, and alloxan-induced diabetic rats was determined. After 10 days of treatment, blood samples were collected from rats for lipid and insulin profiling. Animals were thereafter sacrificed and the kidneys, heart, and liver were harvested for antioxidant indices assay. RESULTS: In normal rats, B. coccineus did not cause significant reduction in blood glucose. At the dose of 800 mg·kg–1, significant increase in blood glucose level was not observed 30 min. after glucose load. B. coccineus administered acutely did not generally produce significant reduction in blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Administered subacutely, the extract significantly reduced blood glucose level in diabetic rats from the 3rd day with peak effect observed at the dose of 800 mg·kg–1 on the 10th day. The extract generally preserved in vivo antioxidant levels in the kidneys, heart, and liver, increased the level of high density lipoprotein and insulin, and reduced the level of triglycerides and low density lipoprotein compared to diabetic control. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study suggest that the hydroethanolic leaf extract Byrsocarpus coccineus possesses antidiabetic activity possibly mediated through inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption, in vivo antioxidant activity, and enhancement of regeneration of beta cells of the pancreas and insulin secretion.
  • Item
    Open Access
    Modulation of antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory cytokines: possible mechanism of antidiabetic effect of ginger extracts.
    (2011) Morakinyo, AO; Akindele, AJ; Ahmed, Z
    Zingiber officinale is used in African traditional medicine to treat diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and its complications. This investigation tested the hypothesis that extracts of Zingiber officinale inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation by enhancing antioxidant enzymes and TNF-α activity in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups (n=6) receiving different oral treatments consisting of vehicle, aqueous ginger extract (250 and 500 mg/kg), ethanol ginger extract (250 and 500 mg). The effect of Z. officinale was assessed in the STZ-induced diabetic rats after 6-week treatment on blood glucose; oxidative stress (using MDA level, SOD, CAT and GSH activities); and inflammation (using TNF-α). Both extracts of Z. officinale increased the intracellular activities of SOD, CAT and GSH. The extracts however caused a significant decrease in the MDA and inflammatory TNF-α level. These data indicate that mechanism of antidiabetic effects of ginger may be in part, due to inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory activity.