Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

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Open Access
Toxicity of Aflatoxins from selected Consumables in Lagos (Nigeria)
(EJEAFChe, 2005) Thomas A.E.; Coker H.A.B.; Odukoya O.A.; Abdul-Kareem A.; Adepoju-Bello A.A.
This study quantified aflatoxin levels assessedcytotoxicity and pathological effects of pro-carcinogens extracted from consumables (groundnuts, beans) on biological systems and established data on the dose - response characteristics. HPLC analysis quantified levels of aflatoxins in the products. Brine Shrimp Lethality (BSL) assay was used for cytotoxicity while toxicity was determined by the pathological effects of the aflatoxin extracts on the vital organs (lungs, liver and kidneys) of mice. Level of aflatoxin is more in beans than in groundnuts. Both have aflatoxin Gl in highest abundance (01in beans >groundnut). The groundnut product was more toxic on the brine shrimps while acute lethalityshowed the beans products to be more toxic than the groundnut product. Toxicity caused hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes and severe diffuse periportal necrosis of the liver, acute tubular necrosis manifested as patchy loss of tubular epithelium, dilation of some tubules and presence of intraluminal casts in the kidneys and lungs showed congestion with patchy areas of haemorrhage and collapse.