Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy- Scholarly Publications

Permanent URI for this collection

https://ir.unilag.edu.ng/handle/123456789/3747

Browse

Browsing Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy- Scholarly Publications by Subject "Antibiotics"

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    Open Access
    Assessment of Prescribing Pattern and Consumption of Selected Drugs at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)
    (University of Lagos Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 2017) Joda, A.E.; Ekpo, E.A.
    Background: Assessing the existing prescribing practices in a health facility is important as it helps to identify specific medicine use problems to be corrected for enhanced rational use of medicines. Objectives: The study aimed to describe current treatment practices using the World Health Organizations (WHO) core and other indicators, as well as document the consumption of analgesics, antibiotics and antihypertensive drugs at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The study was a descriptive, retrospective study of prescriptions filed in the out-patient pharmacy department from January to December 2015. Data was collected using an adapted WHO/INRUD (International Network on Rational Use of Drugs) prescribing indicator proforma and descriptive and inferential analysis were carried out as necessary using SPSS version 20.0. P-values of ≤ 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 198 prescriptions and 676 drugs were assessed. The average number of drugs per prescription was 3.41, generic prescribing was 62% and proportion of prescribed drugs actually dispensed was 45%. Antihypertensives, analgesics and antibiotics made up 42%, 14% and 14% respectively of the 676 drugs prescribed. Conclusion: The prescribing pattern in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital is not in accordance with the required WHO/INRUD standard with polypharmacy, low generic prescribing and low proportion of drugs actually dispensed. An urgent need exists for interventions to improve rational drug use in the facility.
  • Item
    Open Access
    A Survey of Antibiotic use in Respiratory Tract Infections in a Community in Zaria, Kaduna State
    (West African Postgraduate College of Pharmacy, 2013) Olurishe, T.O.; Olurishe, C.O.; Adeyemi, O.C.
    Background: Appropriate use of antibacterial drugs is important to effect a cure in infections and to forestall resistance development. Objectives: This study was undertaken to assess the use of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections (RTI) among respondents in a community in Zaria, Nigeria.

    Methods: Random sampling of individuals within Zaria was done, and consenting participants were recruited. A total of 440 participated in the study. A forty-two item questionnaire was self-administered to the majority of the respondents who were literate while those that were not literate were assisted in filling out copies of their questionnaire.

    Results: Over 90% of the study population was between 12-50 years, of which 60.6% reportedly had an RTI in the previous six months. Females were more likely to have an RTI (p<0.05 Chi-square) while living conditions did not affect the development of RTIs. About 40% of respondents had laboratory investigations before antibiotic therapy. Total and partial affordability was reported by 72% and 18.9% of respondents respectively, with only about 20% obtaining their drug from the hospital. However, only about 50% were counselled about their medication. While the majority of respondents obtained their antibiotics from community pharmacies, about 40% of patients were not asked about previous medication for a recent infection.

    Conclusions: This study shows that rational antibiotic use is not fully practised, with large numbers of patients receiving empirical therapy. Improvement in counselling and discouragement of patronage of nonapproved drug outlets will improve antibiotic utilization. Studies into the factors responsible for increased female risk for RTI are advocated.