Department of Medical Microbiology and parasitology

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Browsing Department of Medical Microbiology and parasitology by Subject "Anaerobes"

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    Open Access
    Beta-lactamase production in anaerobic bacteria
    (2010) Nwaokorie, F.O.; Ogunsola, F.T.; Coker, A.O.
    Anaerobes occur as major components of bacterial flora of the human skin and mucous membranes. They are responsible for a variety of serious and life-threatening infections. There is a great concern on the treatment of these infections due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance especially to beta-lactam drugs. Resistance to β-lactam drugs take place in anaerobic microbial species mainly by the production of beta-lactamase and this is frequently associated with therapeutic failures. In this review, the production, genetic determinant, ecological impact and the effects of β-lactamase on therapy is discussed.
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    Open Access
    Isolation and molecular identification of fusobacterium nucleatum from nigerian patients with oro-facial infections
    (2011) Nwaokorie, F.O.; Coker, A.O.; Ogunsola, F.T.; Avila-campos, M.J.; Gaetti-jardim jr, E.; Ayanbadejo, P.O.; Umeizudike, K.A.; Abdurrazaq, O.T.
    BACKGROUND: Fusobacterium nucleatum is one of the most common anaerobic bacteria present in the oral cavity and is often isolated from infections involving other body sites. OBJECTIVE: To characterise F. nucleatum strains from patients attending a teaching hospital in Nigeria in order to provide information on the methods for accurate identification of anaerobes in clinical specimen. METHODS: Fusobacterium nucleatum specie from 50 patients presenting with oro-facial infections were studied by culture on Fusobacterium selective agar and fastidious anaerobe agar. The isolates were characterised based on colonial morphology, microscopy, lipase production, susceptibility to kanamycin and colistin and resistance to vancomycin. Biochemical tests were performed using a commercial test kit. The identity of the isolates was confirmed based on molecular characterization performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. RESULTS: Forty-eight (96%) F. nucleatum isolates were obtained from the 50 patients by culture and all the isolates were identified by colonial appearance and microscopy based on their unique spindle shape with tapered ends. Only 26 (54.2%) of the 48 isolates were identified by commercial API 20A test kit while PCR confirmed the identity of all the isolates. CONCLUSION: Anaerobes are involved in human infections and their study is quite cumbersome due to tedious nature and high cost of the techniques involved. Cultural method is reliable in the isolation and identification of F. nucleatum species. PCR is a rapid and simple method that can complement the phenotypic identification of anaerobes and would assist in their full.
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    Open Access
    Schematic method for effective identification of anaerobes from infected surgical wounds
    (2009) Niemogha, M.T.; Atoyebi, O.A.; Ogunsola, F.T.; Adeogo, B.O.; Egbuna, K.N.; Gbajabiamila, T.A.; Odugbemi, T.
    Objectiye: To investigate post surgical wound Infections for anaer.obes and to develop effective method for their rapid identification. · Method: Fifty seven (57) samples were collected In cooked meat broth, they consisted of 40 wound swabs, 7 pus, 6 vaginal and 4 rectal swabs. They were Inoculated Into two compounded media; Neomycin Blood Agar (NBA) and Neomycin Plasma Agar (NPA) Incubated anaerobically at 37°C for (24-48) hours. Isolated anaerobes were gram-stained and tested using discs Impregnated with antibiotics, bile salts and dyes, carbohydrate fermentation and other standard tests were carried out. Results: Abdominal surgery had the highest anaerobes (44%), Musculoskeletal (25%), Splenectomy and related procedures "(5%). Severe outcomes associated with anaerobes were amputation of limbs and death. Anaerobes were classified Into frag/1/s group, blle resistant, bile sensitive and Fusobacter/um group. Further tests revealed Bacteroides fragllls, Fusobacter/um nucleatfum, Porphyromonas assacharofytica, Prevotef/a intermedia, and Peptosterptococcus magnus as most frequently Isolated, The developed scheme Interlinked the various Identification steps: 1'1 level; Inoculation and growth, 2"" level; Gram .differentiation and 3"' level; Biochemical characterization. Conclusion: The study has shown anaerobic cultures as essential In the management of patients with post surgical would Infections. The scheme serves as a guide of Idealized representation to identification of anaerobes.