Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biopharmacy
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- ItemRestrictedPre and Post-natal drug therapy in Lagos University Teaching Hospital - A 5 year retrospective study(1997) Eniojukan, J.F.; Maduagwu, E.E.; Aina, B.A.Texts attached
- ItemOpen AccessPatients Views about Level of their Interactions with Pharmacists(Nigerian Journal of Pharmacy, 2004) Joda, A.E; Eniojukan, J.EA number of dissatisfied clients from pharmacies had been encountered and this led to an interest in the researcher to actually document the level of interactions between pharmacists and patients in hospital and community pharmacies. The main purpose of this study was to determine the level of interactions between patients and pharmacists hereby serving as a baseline for future intervention studies. Using an exit survey method, one hundred and eighty two patients/customers had a pre-tested questionnaire administered to them (82 in hospital practice and 100 in community practice). There was 100% recovery of responses. The results obtained revealed that though patients signified their satisfaction with the current level of interaction they had with the pharmacists, they also believe that there exists a need for improvement. It is imperative for pharmacists and pharmacy managers to rise up to their responsibility by providing the facilities and services required for the improvement of the level of interactions presently attained.
- ItemOpen AccessKnowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Practices of In-School Youth in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State to HIV/AIDS(Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2005) Joda, A.E.; Ogbeni, O.HIV/AIDS seriously affects adolescents throughout the world. One third of all currently infected individuals are youth between the ages of 15 to 24 and half of all new infections occur in youth of the same age. People of this age range can be found abundantly in tertiary institutions studying for degrees in various professions. It therefore, is necessary to document their level of awareness in order to assess their role in the spread or, otherwise of the infection in the state. 2 tertiary institutions were randomly selected from a list from the Lagos State Ministry of Education. 135 pre-tested questionnaires were administered to students in the Lagos State University, Ojo Campus (LASUO) and the University of Lagos, Idiaraba Campus (MEDILAG). A percentage recovery of 91.9% and 97.8% respectively was obtained. 233 respondents fell in the age bracket of 16 to 25, the target age range for HIV/AIDS. Majority of the respondents in both institutions could accurately define HIV and AIDS and they could also accurately indicate the body fluids in which HIV can be detected. Most of the students in both institutions indicated correct ways through which HIV could be contracted. Unfortunately some respondents still picked mosquito bite, kissing and casual contact. In prevention, a high proportion of the respondents chose correct options. At least 60% protect themselves correctly from HIV infection. About 50% of the respondents didn't know their HIV status and at least a quarter of them did not want to know. From the results, the level of awareness of the students is high concerning the basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The results were usually better in MEDILAG compared to LASUO though this was not always statistically significant. It can be concluded from this study that the level of awareness is high among youth in tertiary institutions. However, targeted education is still necessary to reach the remaining students whose awareness, and therefore behavior, is still non-compliant.
- ItemOpen AccessA Review of Malaria in Nigeria(Pharmaceutical Society of Nigeria, 2005) Joda, A.E.; Kola-Mustapha, A.T.; Folawewo, I; Jatto, B.E.; Quadri, U.F.Malaria is an important disease in developing countries. It causes significant morbidity and mortality, especially to children and pregnant women. Currently the anti-malaria policy is being reviewed and so this article is written with the view of refreshing our knowledge about malaria and highlighting some salient issues pertaining to the effect of anti-malarials on the heart.
- ItemOpen AccessKnowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs and Practices of In-School Youth in Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State to HIV/AIDS(Lagos University Medical Society, 2005) Joda, A.E.; Ogbeni, O.HIV/AIDS seriously affects adolescents throughout the world. One third of all currently infected individuals are youth between the ages of 15 to 24 and half of all new infections occur in youth of the same age. People of this age range can be found abundantly in tertiary institutions studying for degrees in various professions. It therefore, is necessary to document their level of awareness in order to assess their role in the spread or, otherwise of the infection in the state. 2 tertiary institutions were randomly selected from a list from the Lagos State Ministry of Education. 135 pre-tested questionnaires were administered to students in the Lagos State University, Ojo Campus (LASUO) and the University of Lagos, Idiaraba Campus (MEDILAG). A percentage recovery of 91.9% and 97.8% respectively was obtained. 233 respondents fell in the age bracket of 16 to 25, the target age range for HIV/AIDS. Majority of the respondents in both institutions could accurately define HIV and AIDS and they could also accurately indicate the body fluids in which HIV can be detected. Most of the students in both institutions indicated correct ways through which HIV could be contracted. Unfortunately some respondents still picked mosquito bite, kissing and casual contact. In prevention, a high proportion of the respondents chose correct options. At least 60% protect themselves correctly from HIV infection. About 50% of the respondents didn't know their HIV status and at least a quarter of them did not want to know. From the results, the level of awareness of the students is high concerning the basic knowledge of HIV/AIDS. The results were usually better in MEDILAG compared to LASUO though this was not always statistically significant. It can be concluded from this study that the level of awareness is high among youth in tertiary institutions. However, targeted education is still necessary to reach the remaining students whose awareness, and therefore behavior, is still non-compliant.
- ItemOpen AccessPelvic Inflammatory Disease: An Index for Female Infertility in a Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria(Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2006) Joda, A.E.; Masha, Y.Background: Increasing numbers of women experiencing delay in childbirth have been encountered in various locations including churches, community pharmacies, hospitals and even in the neighborhood. Also a higher proportion of women experienced ectopic pregnancies or miscarriages. All this prompted the researchers to try to determine probable causes for these events and thus resulted in this study. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to explore the interrelationship that exists between pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility as well as investigate the level of suspicion of physicians in the relevant units (Obstetrics and Gynaecology) to the interrelationship. Methodology: 20 physicians in Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba were interviewed by means of a semi structured 2-part questionnaire. 100 case notes of female patients with infertility problems were randomly selected from the Medical Records Department and assessed using a pre-formed Checklist. Recovery was 100%. Results: From the results obtained it was documented that the problem of PID associated infertility is a serious problem, which must be tackled appropriately. The level of suspicion of physicians in the relevant units must be raised to the likelihood of PID as a cause of infertility through timely and appropriate in-service education and training. Conclusion: In order to prevent PID and the associated infertility, physicians and public health specialists need to understand the interactions of PID-causing microorganisms with the host immune system which will enable them provide efficient primary, as well as secondary prevention services to their patients. It is, therefore, essential that relevant in-service training be given to physicians in these units periodically to enable them perform this function effectively.
- ItemOpen AccessCommunity pharmacies as possible centres for routine immunization(AJOL, 2007) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Igwilo, C.I.Background: Nigeria has embraced the primary healthcare movement and has committed its resources to the provision of cost effective community based primary healthcare strategy which recognizes the need for effective partnership between public and private sector1. Immunizations are important part of this effort, especially the provision of the vaccines incorporated into the national Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) which has now metamorphosis to National Programme on Immunization (NPI) due to decline in immunization coverage. Community pharmacies can be involved in immunization to improve coverage as has been shown in the United States of America (U.S.A) that this led to great improvement in immunization coverage2, 3. The need to find out if this can also be adopted in Nigeria is the objective of this work. Objectives: This study therefore aimed to have an insight into current interest of community pharmacists to be involved in routine immunization and assess their physical structures for possible adaptation for use in routine immunization. Method: Sixty (60) pre-tested questionnaires were randomly administered to community pharmacists. Forty-three (43) questionnaires were retrieved for analysis. Results: The study revealed that the use of community pharmacies as places where routine immunization services can be provided is feasible as shown by 95.3% interest expressed by community pharmacists. Most of the required infrastructures to carry out these services are on the ground as shown by availability of adequate space (88.4%), stand-by generator (83.7%) and functional fridge/freezer (95.3%). Community pharmacists (88.4%) expect to be remunerated for providing this service. Conclusion: This study has shown the willingness of community pharmacists to participate in immunization efforts and the possibility of using pharmacies in routine immunization.
- ItemOpen AccessKnowledge, attitude and perception (KAP) of HIV/AIDS and the use of ARVS by people living with HIV (PLWH) attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)(University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2007-12-03) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ola, I.O; Tayo, F.INTRODUCTION: With the advent of antiretroviral drugs, infection with HIV is no longer the death sentence it used to be. The management of the infection however requires that patients be fully involved for successful management. This is very 104 important as management with HAART requires not less than 95% adherence to achieve complete viral suppression, increase CD4 cell counts thereby preventing emergence of resistant strains with the attendant dire consequences. OBJECTIVES: The study therefore aimed to have an insight into current knowledge, attitude and perception of HIV/AIDS and the use of ARVs by people living with HIV (PLWH) attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). METHODOLOGY: Pre-tested questionnaires set to achieve the study objectives were randomly administered to 1
- ItemOpen AccessAcceptance of ACTs by Patients in Private Healthcare Facilities in Surulere, Lagos State(Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2008) Joda, A.E.; Fanimokun, T.O.Chloroquine has remained the first line in the management of malaria for over five decades. The avalanche of published research works and books on Chloroquine attests to its success and usefulness. Although, Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine / Pyrimethamine are readily available and inexpensive, P. falciparum parasites are resistant to these therapies in most parts of the tropics necessitating a switch in the antimalaria policy to Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). However, studies hitherto conducted revealed that the ACTs were not yet accepted by patients suffering from malaria and justified the position of the researchers to determine if the situation had changed. Fifteen health facilities including private clinics and community pharmacies were used as target locations. Pre-tested questionnaires were administered on 30 randomly selected patients (2 per facility). A recovery rate of 100% was recorded. Most of the respondents were female. Majority of them were aged between 20-24 years. Most of the respondents could accurately interpret ACTs and many of them knew the ACT drugs in addition to other antimalaria drugs such as chloroquine and sulphadoxine plus pyrimethamine. Many of the respondents have used ACTs before. Though a definite preference for sulphadoxine plus pyrimethamine is still observed, majority of the respondents chose ACTs as their second line. Very few of the respondents indicated using chloroquine for their last malaria episode. From the results, the level of acceptance of ACTs and other Artemisinin products is high (50%) probably because more information is available on ACTs to both healthcare personnel and patients through mass media like television, radio, newspapers. It can be concluded that there is better acceptance of Artemisinin products (26.67% for ACTs, 23.33% for Artemisinin monotherapy) by patients though results still show a relative preference for sulphadoxine plus pyrimethamine (40%) probably because of the ease of the use (single dose administration) and cost. Information on adherence to therapy with ACTs must be sustained to prevent rapid emergence of resistance species to ACTs.
- ItemOpen AccessIntervention on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) And Syndromic Management Among Community Pharmacists In Lagos State, Nigeria(Commonwealth Pharmacists Association, 2009) Aina B.A; Osegbe C.CIntroduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a common and serious problem worldwide. The most widely known are gonorrhoea, syphilis and HIV – the virus that causes AIDS – but there are more than 20 others (WHO, 2007). The syndromic management approach is based on an STI syndrome and it offers many benefits in the struggle against STIs. Community pharmacists are one of the most accessible and trusted health care professionals. They are well located to reach millions of individuals with STI prevention and control messages and other strategies (Stergachis, 1999). Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the basic knowledge of community pharmacists in STIs and syndromic management and provide training as an intervention. Method: The study was a cross sectional pre and post type involving 202 community pharmacists in the 11 zones of Lagos state. Pre-tested questionnaires were self-administered to the community pharmacists before and after training on STI and Syndromic Management. Results: The findings of the study showed that about 16% of the community pharmacists had good knowledge of STIs and 53% of them had good knowledge on syndromic management. The findings also revealed that after the training intervention, there was an improvement in their basic knowledge on STIs and Syndromic Management of STIs (54% and 70% respectively). Conclusions: The assessment of the knowledge of community pharmacist on STIs and syndromic management shows that there is need for continuous education in these areas especially in the early detection and management of the condition.
- ItemOpen AccessIntervention Study On The Use Of Antibiotics In A Community In Lagos State, Nigeria(Commonwealth Pharmacists Association, 2009) Tayo F; Aina B.A; Johnson O.AIntroduction: Studies in developing Countries have shown that antimicrobials are among the most frequently prescribed medications (Bosu and Ofori-Adjei, 2000). Irrational use of antibiotics occurs in all countries (le Grand et al 1999). The problem of antibiotic resistance is associated with the indiscriminate usage of antibiotics (Carey and Cryan 2003) hence rational use of antibiotics is needed. Objective: This study was to assess the use of oral antibiotics in the community and determine the effect of intervention messages to improve the knowledge on antibiotics use. Method: The study was carried out in Ilaje community in Bariga, Lagos State due to its cosmopolitan nature using Minegem Pharmacy as the study centre. The study was carried out over four weeks. Pretested questionnaires were administered pre and post intervention. Sixty-seven clients participated in the study. Intervention leaflet educating clients on the right use of antibiotics was developed in English, Yoruba and Pidgin English and given to respondents. Data was collected and the results analyzed. Result: Forty two respondents (62.7%) demanded for oral antibiotics without prescription while twenty five respondents (37.3%) were with prescriptions. Among those that came with prescriptions 80% were from doctors and 20% from pharmacists. Ampicillin/Cloxacillin was found to be commonest antibiotics demanded without prescription with 50% frequency due to wrong indication and 50% due to wrong dosage. It was also mostly prescribed by doctors. Knowledge of respondents on antibiotics use was tested pre and post intervention and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: The intervention leaflet improved the knowledge of respondents on rational use of antibiotics. There is need to extend the scope of this study to cover more pharmacies and communities to empower the populace against irrational use of antibiotics.
- ItemOpen AccessCigarette smoking among healthcare professional students of University of Lagos and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria(Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine, 2009-01) Aina, B.A.; Oyerinde, O.O.; Joda, A.E.; Oyetunde, O.O.Background: It is a known fact that health professionals can play a critical role in reducing tobacco use. In fact, it has been shown that even brief and simple advice from health care professionals can substantially increase smoking cessation rates. Students in healthcare professions are future healthcare professionals, identifying and documenting their knowledge, attitudes and practices with regards to tobacco smoking would shed light as to their future effectiveness in providing this much needed public health initiative in their practices. Objective: This research was carried out to determine cigarette smoking habit among healthcare professional students of University of Lagos and Nursing students of Lagos University Teaching Hospital. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey. Data was collected by the use of a structured, self administered questionnaire which was aimed at determining their smoking status and their attitudes. The target population was first and final professional year students representing the two class extremes and attempt was made to survey all the students that fell within this identified target population without randomization. Data was collected between March and June 2007 Results: Out of 814 qualified participants, 433 responded to the questionnaire (53%). Smoking prevalence was highest among dental students (8.48%) while both Physiotherapy and Nursing students had nil prevalence rates. Overall, the current smoking prevalence was 3.93%. There was no statistically significant difference between the smoking habits of first year and final year students (p= 0.99). Based on Fagerstrom nicotine addiction test, only a small proportion of the current smokers can be classified as being maximally addicted (6.0%). Conclusions: From this study it can be concluded that smoking prevalence is low among healthcare professional students at the University of Lagos and this is a good indication that they would play critical role in reducing tobacco use. It is recommended that a tobacco counselling unit should be set up by the school authorities.
- ItemOpen AccessProfile of Adverse Effects reported by Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in a Treatment Site in Lagos, Nigeria(2009-04) Herbertson, E.; Tayo, F.; Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ezechi, O.; Odunukwe, N.Background: Funded treatment program provided by international donors have in recent years improved the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Nigeria. This benefit of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has also been associated with some adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The study aimed to identify types of adverse effects being experienced by patients vis-a-vis some demographic characteristics. Method: A retrospective study was done of adult patients' case files and pharmacy ADR data collated from 2002 to 2007. Results: A total of 191 cases of reported ADRs were obtained from 4,313 patient case files, 9 cases were excluded due to incomplete data. Analysis showed more ADRs reported by females 115 (63.2%) than males, 67 (36.8%). The mean ages for the males and females respondents were 43 and 38.5 years. respectively. 21 types of ADRs were identified. The most frequently reported ADRs were lipodystrophy, 59 (9 males, 50 females); peripheral neuropathy, 48 (26 males, 22 females); central nervous system (CNS) effects, 15 (10 males,S females); and rash/itching, 13 (5 males. 8 females). The age range most affected by lipodystrophy and peripheral neuropathy in both sex was 36 to 45 years (6 males, 22 females and 15 males, 13 females. respectively). Both of these ADRs were reported by patients on a nevirapine (NVp)namivudine (3TC)/stavudine (d4T) HAART combination. The same age range in both sexes also reported incidence of CNS adverse effects with almost all (14) on an efavirenz (EFV)I3TCld4T combination; only 1 was on a NVP/tenofovir (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) combination. Rashes and itching was experienced among patients within the age range of 20 to 45 with most (13) on NVP/3TCld4T combination with one patient on NVP/3TClabacavir (ABC) combination. Conclusions: Observed ADRs were similar to reported ADRs. Age range most affected was 36 to 45 years.
- ItemOpen AccessBaseline Assessment of HIV Sero-Status disclosure among Patients Attending a Military treatment Site in Nigeria(2009-04) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Tayo, F.; Sagoe, A.; Zachariah, M.; Ibitoye, A.Texts attached
- ItemOpen AccessFavourable socio-economic factors reduce HIV related stigma and improve quality of life(2010) Ebiere, H.; Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ezechi, O.C.; Odunukwe, N.N.; Onwujekwe, D.I.; Musa, S.O.; Addeh, J.E.; Okwuonu, D.U.; Idigbe, O.E.BACKGROUND: Stigma is described as "an attribute that is deeply discrediting" and results in the reduction of a person or group "from a whole and usual person to a tainted, discounted one." Discrimination is the societal response to the negative value attached to the stigma an individual may carry. Stigma has consequences on the prevention of HIY infection and care of d in eren 'ally, on quality of life. Quality of life a is popularly used to convey an overall se o~ ...e I be' g and i des aspects such as happiness d s isfocti . li e as a whole. OBJECT1VE: e level of stigmatization in PlWHA and its effect on quality of life. METHOD: This was a cross sectional study. Data collection was done by randomly administering the questionnaire. The study instrument is a questionnaire adapted from a combination of the Tanzania Stigma questionnaire and the WHOQOl-HIY questionnaire. The sample size is 70. RESULT: The study showed that there was stigma among PlWHA to the magnitude of 51 %. This discovery could be attributed to the favourable socio-economic characteristics of the respondents such as their level of educati
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of communication skills among Pharmacy students of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria(J Basic Clin Pharm., 2011) Aina B.A; Ogunbiyi O.OBACKGROUND: Communication skill is the bridge between the pharmacists and the patient. Communication in health can contribute to all aspects of disease prevention and health promotion. In order to become successful pharmacists, one needs to possess excellent communication skills to serve clients. This study was conducted at the University of Lagos to assess communication skills of Pharmacy students. METHOD: The study was descriptive and cross sectional. It was carried out between May and July 2009. Questionnaires were used for data collection. The questionnaire had two sections - the bio data section and pre-formulated questions on communication skills which has three options and one of these is the best option. RESULTS: A total number of 125 respondents were involved in the study which included 25 students from 200level, 50 from 300level and 50 from 500 level. Majority of them were between 18-25 years old (89.6%). There were more females (71.2%) than males (28.8%). Also most of them were Christians (71.2%). Among the respondents, about 62% picked the best options as their answer while the rest picked other options. There was no statistical difference in the choice of best options between the different levels of study. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded from the results of this study that majority of Pharmacy Students at the University of Lagos had good communication skills and they will be able to discharge their duties as pharmacists when they eventually graduate.
- ItemOpen AccessKnowledge of HIV and its transmission by women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA) attending HIV clinic in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Nigeria(Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science (JAPS), 2011) Joda, A.E.; Bamkefa, B.O.; Olugbake, O.A.The scourge of HIV/AIDS is a serious problem that cannot be overemphasized. Half of all HIV infections occur in women in Africa. Young women are particularly at risk and they are the child-bearing population. About 90% of MTCT infections occur in Africa. MTCT of HIV can occur at any stage of pregnancy. The study was designed to be a baseline survey which would help document the knowledge of Women living with HIV/AIDS and its transmission modes and the PMTCT programme of the HIV Clinic in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital can be used as template for future work. A survey of women attending the HIV Clinic in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba (LUTH) was carried out. Pretested questionnaires were administered to the target population at the HIV Clinic to document their knowledge of HIV and its transmission including awareness of the PMTCT services in the hospital. The results obtained revealed that though many of them are knowledgeable about the modes of transmission of HIV, most of them do not know of the existence of a PMTCT service in the hospital. It can be concluded that respondents in this survey were knowledgeable about HIV and the ways it can be transmitted. The study recommends that staff of the HIV Clinic should be involved in counselling PLWHAs, especially WLWHAs and informing them about all the service components available in the Clinic so that clients that may need these services are already aware and can utilize it as needed.
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of Pharmacy Students' Willingness to Practice after Graduation(West African Journal of Pharmacy, 2011) Joda, A.E.; Nwaokomah, S.O.Background: Emigration of pharmacists is a problem in many parts of sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: To identify if the tendency to emigrate (internal and external) is already determined during the undergraduate training. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the four faculties of pharmacy in Southwestern Nigeria. A sample of 200 to 400 Level students in the Faculty in Lagos was also surveyed. Pretested questionnaires with mainly Likert-type questions were administered to the target population. Results: It was found that an average 70% of final year students surveyed expressed a willingness to practice after graduation (74%, 54%, 75% and 76% in Unilag, UI, OAU and OOU respectively) while 55.3% of the Junior Undergrads expressed a willingness to practice the profession, post graduation. The results also revealed that the final year respondents believe that pharmacists in practice are not fulfilled (79%, 55%, 73% and 71% in Unilag, UI, OAU and OOU respectively). 23.3% of the Junior Undergraduates also have this belief Conclusion: It can be concluded from this study that pharmacy students are willing to practice the profession after graduation either within or outside the country. The study recommends motivation of pharmacists and review of the academic curriculum.
- ItemOpen AccessKnowledge and use of insecticide treated nets as a malaria preventive tool among pregnant women in a local government area of Lagos state, Nigeria(Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2011) Ayeni, F.A; Aina, B.AMalaria has been described as the foremost public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, Nigeria inclusive. This survey set out to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice on the use of ITNs as a malaria preventive tool among pregnant women and to determine its level of recommendation and proper instructions given by pharmacists. Structured questionnaires were administered to pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at two selected hospitals in Alimosho Local Government Area (ALGA) of Lagos State and also to community pharmacists practicing in the same ALGA. Data was analyzed using Epi Info 2002 and Microsoft Excel. Forty eight community pharmacists and 163 pregnant women participated in the study. About 77 and 91% of pregnant women were aware of ITNs at Igando GH and the private hospital respectively. Only 11.2% and 37.5% actually used it. Majority of the pharmacists (95.8%) recommended the use of ITNs and 95% of them also gave counsel on ITN use while 5% did not. There is a wide difference between the level of awareness and the rate of use of ITNs by pregnant women. More emphasis should be placed on ownership and use of ITNs so that the benefit of its protection can be derived.
- ItemOpen AccessA Retrospective study on the treatment of adult tuberculosis in Lagos University Teaching Hospital(University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2011-10) Aderemi-Williams, R.I.; Ajamu, I.J.After decades of decline,Tuberculosis (TB) is increasing worldwide. The increase in TB casesand deaths has been linked to HIV co-infection. Nigeria is rankedfourth amongst the 22 countries that account for 80 per centof all the cases of TB recorded worldwide. The objectives of this study were to assess the treatmentof adult tuberculosis in Lagos University TeachingHospital(LUTH)and the outcomes of treatment. A retrospective case study of 64 adult TB patients attended to between January 2006-December, 2010 in LUTHwas done. Analysis of records showed thatTB was not confirmed in 6(9.6%) of the cases.Most (64.1%) patients were male, withTB occurringmore (69.9%) amongst patientswithin 20-40 years age range.Forty-four (69.8%) were employed and 40(62.5%) married. Diagnoses were mainly done with chest X-rays (90.6%),Acid Fast Bacilli tests (82.8%) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rates (82.8%). All (90.6%) of the patients were treated with Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide and Ethambutol (R.1.P.E)combination throughout the period of treatment. Treatment outcomes showed high level (62.5%) of defaulters with only 15 (23.4%)of the patients cured. The study has revealed weakmonitoring of TB patients which has resulted to high number of default.ers. There is need for further research to investigatethe reasons for this and thereby prevent the danger of patients developing and transmitting multidrug resistant TB to thepopulacedue to incomplete treatment.