Department of Social Work
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- ItemOpen AccessAdaptation to Water Stress in Nigeria Derived Savanna Area: The Indigenous Knowledge and Socio-Cultural Nexus of Management and Humanitarian Services(Journal of Management Policy and Practice (JMPP), North American Business Press, Inc., Atlanta, 2014) Ayeni, A.; Soneye, A.; Badru, F.Texts attached
- ItemOpen AccessBurden of Care and the Body Mass Index of Informal Caregivers of Haemodialysis Patients in South-West, Nigeria(College of Medicine, University of Lagos, 2020-12) Mobolaji-Olajide, O.M; Akintaju, F.A; Odetola, T; Badru, F.A; Fajemilehin, B.RHaemodialysis, being a cost intensive procedure demanding so much from patients and their caregivers most studies had focussed on the burden of caregiving among formal and informal caregivers but very little is known about relation between caregiving burden and lifestyle factors. The study aimed at examining the relationship between informal caregiving burden and body mass index (BMI) of caregivers. It was a descriptive quantitative cross-sectional study involving 204 informal caregivers of haemodialysis patients from four dialysis centres in Lagos.........
- ItemOpen AccessChallenges of Lagos State Child’s Rights Law: Social Welfare Officers’ Perspective(University of Maryland, Eastern Shore, 2019-02) Nwanna, C.; Ogunniran, I.Child’s Rights Law (CRL) was introduced in Lagos State in 2007. Six years after its domestication, it became imperative to assess the challenges in the application of the justice provisions by different child justice administrators such as social welfare officers, the police, non-governmental organization (NGO) workers, Nigerian Bar Association (NBA) lawyers, International Federation of Women Lawyers (FIDA), family court judges and magistrates. The focus of this paper is, therefore, to present the findings from social welfare officers working in family courts in Lagos State. As at the time of the study, there were six family courts but only four were functional. The study was an exploratory and qualitative survey. A focus group discussion (FGD) was organized among a purposive sample of six assessors and supervision officers. Results indicated that all the participants claimed that social workers were not invited to participate in the formulation of the CRL. The results revealed some discrepancies between sections 138 and 151 provisions. Section 138 states that all children’s matters, both civil and criminal, will be heard in the family courts while section 151(2) states that a criminal case involving a child and an adult will be tried in a criminal court. It was also reported that there were some inadequacies among social workers, the police and judiciary. Corrupt practices among the police officers were some of the challenges militating against the implementation of the law. Parents of abused children were reported to be uncooperative. Some of the structures such as children’s centers that were supposed to be established for successful implementation of the law were yet to be established. Based on these challenges, it was recommended, among others, that the law should be reviewed and publicized adequately. Capacity building should be organized for the implementers and activities of the police officers should be strictly monitored
- ItemOpen AccessCharity and Social Welfare: Integrating Islamic Perspective’(University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2020) Badru, F.AThe 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria especially Section 14, Subsection 2(b) indicates that 'the social security and welfare of its people shall be the primary purpose of the government'. Charity in form of voluntary alms giving called sadaqat and obligatory gifts tagged zakat are integral parts of Islamic religion. The concerns of the paper, relying on the relevant Quranic verses, is how far has the Muslims put into these pristine religious prescriptions into practice and how has the welfare of the adherents been transformed using the lens of these prescriptions? The paper contends that charities and welfare programmes should aim at promoting social change, justice and human development. It should liberate individuals, families, groups and communities from the shackles of poverty, social quagmire and enhance social functioning.
- ItemOpen AccessComparative Social Work(Department of Sociology, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 2006) Badru, F.AComparative Social Work is one of the emerging disciplines in social work. It is an applied social study that is concerned with objective and critical analysis of social policies and social services between at least two countries. The discipline examines the social forces affecting such policies and services, explicates, and sheds fresh insights into why these countries chose the policies and services. It explores the variations and convergences of these services and policies. While a few scholars have studied some countries like Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Sweden, none has considered Saudi Arabia, and other countries, which we are here comparing with Nigeria. Some texts tangentially allude to some of the social services of these countries but not in relation to Nigeria. The gaps in knowledge are the primary impetus for this study. This paper provides a panoramic and critical review of social welfare policies and services in five selected countries using indepth! case studies. The indicators of five social policies/ services: health, education, housing, transport, and social security form the fulcrum of the analysis. The Chapter is structured into four sections: the first deals with introduction, goals, and methodology of comparative social work. The second considers some background factors. The third describes, explains, and analyses the five selected countries while the last section concludes the analysis
- ItemOpen Access‘COVID-19: A Global Overview of Pandemics and Nigeria's Experience’(University of Lagos Press and Bookshop Ltd, 2021) Ayeni, A.O; Olusakin, A.M; Badru, F.A; Soneye, A.S.OCOVID-19 is a new disease, and much of the details of its spread were still under investigation as at the time of this study. Experimental results however showed the virus can survive in aerosol for up to three hours. COVID-19 virus spreads primarily when people are in close contact and one person inhales small droplets produced by an infected person (symptomatic or not) coughing, sneezing, talking, or singing. The data used for this paper were based on global pandemics historical and documented records over the past years. Data were gleaned from existing literature on pandemics and real time web information on COVID-19 between February, 2020 and July, 2020. The study concludes that, even though it is incontrovertible that COVID-19 is real, governments and international donors should not relent in providing fund and support materials for testing and personal protective equipment. Also, governments at all levels must provide other mitigating items for better preparedness; they should be more proactive in their approach in tackling the pandemic (COVID-19) and future occurrences.
- ItemOpen AccessDiscrimination against People living with HIV and AIDS in the Workplace: A Lagos State Example(IGI Global, 2019) Nwanna, C.The main thrust of the study was to explore the discrimination experienced by people living with HIV and AIDS (PLHIV) in the workplace in Lagos State. A purposive sample of 80 PLHIV was selected from two local government areas (LGAs) of Lagos state: Epe, a rural setting and Lagos Mainland, an urban one. Secondary data were obtained from internet sources while primary data were collected through structured interviews September 2005 - April 2006. Data were analyzed using SPSS versions 11 and 13. Data between and within the rural and urban areas were also analysed comparatively. The results indicated that PLHIV experienced instant dismissal from offices, mandatory HIV tests, alienation, denial of promotion and exclusion from insurance schemes. This indicates that PLHIV’s rights were violated. The study recommends intensive HIV education and enforcement of National HIV Policy and international legal instruments in the workplace to protect PLHIV’s rights.
- ItemOpen AccessDo Peer and Family Factors Determine Substance Abuse? Voices of Adolescents Undergoing Treatment in a Psychiatric Ward, Lagos, Nigeria(2020) Adejoh, S.O; Olorunlana, A.; Adisa, W.B; Onwuasoanya, O.Although studies on drug abuse among adolescents are abound, there is however limited works on the life experiences of drug abusers, undergoing treatment in a psychiatric ward in Lagos, Nigeria. This study explored the experiences of drug abusers on whether family and peer influences are factors of predispositions and consequences of drug abuse in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: Using purposive sampling, 20 adolescents receiving medical attention for at least 6 months in a psychiatric ward of a teaching hospital participated in the in-depth interviews which were audio-recorded. Data were content-analysed using exploratory design. Results: Participants ranged in age from 14 to 18 years old, and all were receiving psychiatric treatment in a hospital ward. Findings indicated that participants were pressured into drug use by peers, to enhance performance, parental neglect and relatives using or abusing a substance. Participants abused illicit drugs and over-the-counter drugs among others. Consequently, they got addicted, and their behaviours were negatively impacted. All participants reported they were taken to the psychiatric ward because of their addiction to a certain psycho-active drug that affected their cognitive behaviour. Conclusion: There is a need for a continuous sensitization about the harmful effects of drug abuse to all citizens. Parents should also be educated on the need to discharge their responsibility of caring for their wards. These findings have implications to the breaking of the cycle of drug addiction, and how to prevent future problems from drug abuse among adolescents.
- ItemOpen AccessDomestic violence by women against their intimate partners in Nigeria(Union for African Population Studies (UAPS), 2016) Nwanna, C.; Kunnuji, M.Victims of domestic violence (DV) are more often than not, women and children. However, studies have shown that men are also victims of DV. The main objective of this paper is to assess the predictors of DV against men in Nigeria. Data were generated from 2013 NDHS. Using SPSS version 21 and multivariate logistic regression analysis, the findings indicated that region, education, marital and employment status, experience of violence and partners’ alcohol consumption were significant predictors of DV against men. Highly educated, divorced and separated, employed women, those respondents whose husbands/partners drank alcohol, women who had experienced domestic violence and those who resided in North-East (OR=8.029; p<0.01), North-Central (OR=1.621, P<0.05), South-East (OR=2.157; p<0.001) and South-South (OR=1.932 p<0.001) zones were more likely than others to perpetrate violence against their husbands/partners. Both partners should be counselled and educated about the dangers of domestic violence. Vulnerable men should be encouraged to speak out.
- ItemRestrictedEFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATIONS (CDAs) IN IMPLEMENTING DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN SURULERE, LAGOS STATE(African British Journal, 2020-11) Busari-Akinbode, Sofiat A; Olusegun, Temilola MCommunity development, a generic method of social work has been in practice in Africa, specifically Nigeria for donkey years, though often practiced informally through self help efforts. Community Development Associations (CDAs) are expected to be at the front burner of implementing these self-help projects. This study therefore sought to examine the effectiveness and challenges of CDAs in implementing development projects in Surulere Local Government Area, Lagos State. A comparative study was conducted using two purposively selected CDAs within close proximity; 12 In-depth Interviews were conducted with both the executive and non-executive members of the CDAs and 2 key informant interviews were conducted with the community development officers in each L.C.D.A. The study found that, factors such as poor funding and community participation; as well as variation in the mode of operation of the two associations were found to be impeding/enhancing the effectiveness of CDAs in implementing development projects. This study recommends that, executives of CDAs should engage in continuous sensitization of residents on the importance of community participation and that, government should consider increasing its financial support to CDAs.
- ItemOpen Access“Engendering Human Resource in Academia: a Study of UNILAG”(Department of Sociology, University of Lagos, Nigeria, 2006) Badru, F.AThe article contends that capacity building is paramount in the sustenance of academic excellence. Machine, money, materials and other resources are necessary but not sufficient condition. The energizer, blender and the builder of these vital resources is a committed and motivated Human Capital. An empirical and literature search suggests some patterns of gender inequity and asymmetric culture in the higher educational settings. The chapter explores how gender variable influences the spread and representation of both junior and senior academic positions in a university setting using the case study of University of Lagos, Nigeria. The objective of the researcher is to map and tease out the pattern of the skewness, explore areas for further elaboration in order to achieve gender equity in a university setting. The chapter interrogates the factors responsible for this asymmetry. It explains the skewness and points to ways of achieving gender equity, enhancing opportunities for capacity building and achieving cultural and intellectual recognition that are based on gender equity, yet avoiding gender tokenism.
- ItemOpen Access“Ethnic Conflict and Minority Interests In Nigeria: A Critical Review”(African Journals Online, South Africa, 2000) Badru, F.AEthnic conflicts and minority interests are twin concepts of concern to sociologists and other scholars. The 'tragedies' of Egbesu boys and the Odua People's Congress (OPC) members in Nigeria invite attention to the challenges of ethnic plurality, diversity, conflict, and the vested interests of ,core' and minority groups. It is, however, pertinent to clarify key terms in this paper before exploring the major concern. What is an ethnic group? How do we unravel ethnicity? Who is an ethnic minority, or majority, as could be the case? There are several definitions and conceprualizations-of these terms. Ethnic' groups constitute a special social group whose members share similar socio-cultural and linguistic characteristics distinct from those shared by members of other groups It is used by sociologists in a broader form than the word 'nationality' and it permits non-literate peoples to be identified as social aggregates in the same way as more advanced peoples and nations. The paper considers the nuances of the definitions and contends that despite the diversity and plurality there is a need for efficient management of diverse people to nip in the bud varying ethnic conflicts in the communities.
- ItemOpen AccessExclusionary practices against HIV positive persons in the workplace in Nigeria: Implications for social work practice(Scottish Journal, 2014-10) Nwannq, C.; Atsenuwa, A.The paper assessed the level and manifestations of HIV-related discrimination in the workplace in Nigeria. A purposive sample of 150 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) was interviewed in three states of Nigeria using a structured interview schedule from 11th March 2004 to 4th April 2004. This was complemented by focus group discussions. Out of the 150 PLHIV, 80 had worked. Of these 80, 16% were rejected, restricted from sharing toilets, canteens and sports facilities (36%) and (13%) respectively. 48% lost their jobs, threatened with dismissal (16%). Job duties were changed for 26%. About 10% lost prospects for promotion and 40% were excluded from insurance schemes. More women than men experienced these stigmatising and discriminating acts. In Nigeria, Anti discrimination policy was launched in 2002 and there is an anti-discrimination protection in section 42 of the Constitution. It is a common knowledge that many organisations have adopted the policy yet the discrimination continues unabated. The organisations only pay a lip service to it. In view of this,therefore, massive HIV/AIDS education and enlightenment campaigns should be organised. ILO, anti-discriminatory laws and CEDAW should be enforced
- ItemOpen AccessThe Extent of Professional Responses to the Psychosocial Needs of Older Adults with Alcohol Behaviour in Violent Conflict situations in Nigeria(Department of Sociology, University of Jos, Nigeria, 2014-09) Ejikeme, T.U; Ejikeme, G.G; Karuri, G.S; Badru, F.AThis paper investigates the alcohol behaviour and stress coping strategies of older adults confronted with a combination of age-related problems and psychosocial needs in violent conflict situations in Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study are to find out (1) if there are psychosocial needs and problems of older persons that are internally displaced and dislocated as victims of violent religious and ethnic crises in the country that could lead em to use alcohol or increase its consumption for coping with stress; (2) e appropriateness and effectiveness of the coping responses of distressed older adults as victims of stressful religious and ethnic conflicts; (3) the tent of the involvement of professional counsellors, social gerontologists, medical social workers and clinical psychologists in understanding the alcohol behaviour and psychosocial needs of older victims of stressful conflict situations as traumatic life events and helping them to make better d more successful responses to the challenges of these events in Nigeria. is study used a desk-based, exploratory literature search as its design in which there is the review of literature on the alcohol behaviour of older adults as they try to cope with their age-related problems and psychosocial challenges in violent conflict situations m NIgena. The major result suggests that if appropriate and successful professlonal responses are not made to meet the psycho-social needs of older victims of stressful conflict situations, they will abuse alcohol/drugs and use other maladaptive responses to their stressful life events. The paper concludes that counsellors, social gerontologists, psychologists, social workers, and professional health care givers care and educate older adults that use and abuse drugs as coping strategies in conflict situations because substance abuse can occur with HIV infection, depression, dementia and other .forms of emotional mental illness and how to prevent co-occurring disorders.
- ItemOpen AccessFamily Unit in the Context of Diabetes Management Among The Igala, North Central, Nigeria(A Journal of the BSA MedSoc Group, 2012-10) Adejoh, S.OObjective: This study investigated the influence of the family unit factors in diabetes management among the Igala, in North-Central Nigeria. Methods: The quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection were used. The respondents were purposively selected through clinics and snowballing. A total of 152 respondents living with diabetes participated in the study. The quantitative data were analysed using SPSS, while the qualitative data were analysed using manual content analysis. Results: The findings show that living arrangement, family support and different food consumptions all had significant relationship with diabetes management at P<.05. Family support had negative influence on diabetes management (β= -1.791, P< .001). The qualitative data show mixed findings of positive and negative influences of the family on diabetes management. Conclusion: Close family members of those living with diabetes should be incorporated into the diabetes management team of the individual with diabetes.
- ItemOpen AccessFear of caesarean section, infertility & utilization of traditional birth attendant among ever-pregnant women in Obafemi-owode, Ogun state, Nigeria(National Association of Social Workers-Zimbabwe/Author(s), 2020) Adejoh, S.O; Alabi, A.A; Osazuwa, P.; Olufeyisan, M.A.Maternal healthcare and mortality, among other troubling health issues, are on the front burner in developing countries, Nigeria in particular. This study explored the influence of perceived causes of caesarean section, fear of caesarean section and infertility on the continued utilization of traditional birth attendants (TBAs). The study employed the qualitative method, utilizing in-depth interview to collect data from thirty (30) women who have ever been pregnant and ever used TBA. The data were content analysed using themes. It was found that the participants believed that these conditions can be treated using traditional herbs and concoction prepared by TBAs; hence, the preference for TBAs. Placenta size, low blood count, baby in the breech position, high blood pressure and prolonged labour were perceived and identified as factors that warrant caesarean section. Participants said the use of TBAs for child delivery is not only pain free, requiring no caesarean section, but also affordable and accessible; TBAs use incantation whenever ‘delivery is difficult’. Thus, the study recommends that women should be sensitised on the circumstances that warrant caesarean section for child delivery and its probable effects. This will guide them in making informed decision on the place of delivery to avert maternal and neonatal risks.
- ItemOpen AccessGender and Discrimination among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria(Carolina Academic Press, 2013) Nwanna, C.Texts attached
- ItemOpen AccessGender and HIV-Related Discrimination in the Health Sector in Nigeria(Forum Press, PO Box 93895, Boordfontein 0201, South Africa, 2010) Nwanna, C.This study explored the influence of gender on HIV-related discrimination in health care facilities in Lagos state from the perspectives of people living with HIV/AIDS. It hypothesized that women were more vulnerable to discrimination in the healthcare settings than men. Anchoring the analysis on Radical Feminism, the study argued that gender discrimination exacerbated HIV-related discrimination against female PLWHA in the health sector and that women’s vulnerability to discrimination was based on the assumption that women were promiscuous. A purposive sample of 80 PLWHA was interviewed from September 2005 to April 2006. The results revealed that female PLWHA were more vulnerable to discrimination than the males. There were statistically significant differences between men and women’s experiences in the following areas: mandatory HIV testing, unfair treatment, restricted movements, segregation and isolation from other patients. Rural female PLWHA; those aged 30 – 39 years, married, divorced, separated and widowed female PLWHA, those in paid employment and low income ones experienced discrimination more than the other categories of women. Gender mainstreaming, empowerment of women, formulation and enforcement of anti-discrimination laws, enforcement of CEDAW and education of health workers are recommended.
- ItemOpen AccessGentrification in Lagos State: Challenges and Prospects(British Journal Publishing, Inc., 2012) Nwanna, C.Using a qualitative method, this study attempts to explore the challenges and prospects of gentrification in Lagos state. The result observes that gentrification has occurred in former Maroko and is occurring in other parts of Lagos metropolis. Developers buy up abandoned housing and harass low and middle-income tenants into leaving their buildings that can then be converted for high profits. It observes further that low-income tenants find their rents suddenly doubled and tripled. Evictions are common, and when the current residents leave, the buildings are renovated into edifices. It also observes that gentrification has come to stay in Lagos State as many dilapidated houses are being purchased by developers and affluent members of the society. Landowners who do not want to sell their properties have warning signs such as “CAVEAT: THIS HOUSE IS NOT FOR SALE. BEWARE OF 419.” We argue that while gentrification improves the quality of life in gentrified buildings or areas and beautifies the city, it further impoverishes the urban poor pushing them into a lower quality of life. The paper therefore recommends that displaced residents should be adequately compensated to enable them to afford conventional houses.
- ItemOpen AccessGentrification in Nigeria: A case of Maroko and 1004 estate, Lagos, Nigeria(Policy Press, University of Bristol, Great Britain, UK, 2015) Nwanna, C.Texts attached
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