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- ItemOpen AccessManagement of Labour Only Contracts in the Nigerian Construction Industry: Basis of Award and Execution(2003) Adenuga, O. A.Globalisation, the down town in the economy, with the resultant lean economic resources in Nigeria have led many clients, to adopt the labour-only contracting system as a means of saving cost. This is not only for piecework’s such as alteration and refurbishment, but for the construction of new projects. The paper focused on the management of labour-only contracting system by examining its method of planning, organization, control, coordination and implementation. The scheduling of the resources were also examined. Performances were monitored in the area of cost, time and quality. Opinions of the parties involved consisting of clients, contractors and consultants were sampled. Selective sampling procedures were adopted for the targeted population. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. From the analysis, the paper concluded that the system is becoming an increasingly prominent feature of the construction labour market. The success largely depends on the cooperation between the parties involved. The paper also revealed that the system is innovative and cost effective, but it could be confrontational, complex and uninspiring. When there is a breach of contract, this could result into delay and cost over-run.
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of Factors Affecting Maintenance Management of Public Hospital Buildings in Lagos State, Nigeria(RICS, Georgia tech publishers, 2007) Adenuga, O. A.; Odusami, K. T.; Faremi, J. O.The study focused on factors affecting maintenance management of public hospital buildings in Lagos state. It also assessed the operational state of public hospital buildings within the study area. In achieving these objectives, opinions of maintenance officers and users of selected public hospital buildings were sampled through structured questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis revealed the operational state of public hospital buildings in Lagos State as been average, and there is no significant difference in the perception of the maintenance staff and the users as to the operational state. Maintenance officers and users of the buildings both ranked insufficiency of fund for maintenance programme as second most significant factor among other factors responsible for poor maintenance management of our public hospital buildings. Other factors found to be highly significant by the maintenance officers are; attitude of users and misuse of facilities, lack of discernible maintenance culture, inadequate training and reluctance of some establishment to support innovations. The users on their own perspective, ranked the inflation of cost of maintenance by the operatives, use of poor quality components and materials by the maintenance department and without long-term arrangements for the supply of essential parts for replacement as the most significant factor affecting maintenance management respectively. The study recommended proactive measures to reduce the occurrence of defects in the buildings elements and services. Governments are to provide adequate funding for the running of public hospitals and it should be a government policy that every hospital either public or private must have maintenance policy guiding the implementation of their maintenance programme. Building elements should be regularly inspected to ensure their functionality.
- ItemOpen AccessA Study of Facilities for Physically Disabled People in Public Buildings in Nigeria(2007) Soyingbe, A.; Ogundairo, A. M.; Adenuga, O. A.Human beings are physically disabled some time in their lives. Those who remain healthy and without disability all their lives are few. Thus, public buildings should be accessible and barrier-free to both able and disabled people. Disabled people find it difficult to gain access into and operate freely without assistance in many public buildings in Nigeria. The study took inventory of facilities available for disabled people in public buildings. The inventory covered the identification and ascertaining the functional state of the facilities. A total of 257 public buildings were studied. The results show that major facilities required by disabled people are lacking in many public buildings. Some of the facilities identified in few public buildings are in poor state of operation. However, absence of these key facilities restricts the activities of people with physical disability. Hence, they cannot work and become productive as tax-paying members of the nation. Due to shortfall or perhaps total neglect in provision of these facilities, their movement, competence and talents are being restricted. These equally constitute a barrier in the development of their abilities. The society at large is deprived of the abilities and talents in people with disabilities.
- ItemOpen AccessCONTROL MEASURES OF ACCIDENTS: NIGERIAN BUILDING PROJECTS’ CASE.(Proceedings of CIB-2008-Transformation through Construction, Dubai., 2008) Oladiran O.J.; Ogunsanmi O.E.; Soyngbe A.A.This study explores the various safety and control measures (SCM) of accidents in building projects to minimize accidents’ occurrence and consequent waste generation. A research methodology, consisting of a literature review and a field study were used to achieve the research objectives. The field survey involves a designed questionnaire that was administered through convenience sampling technique within Lagos State and descriptive analysis tools were used for the analysis. The field survey reveals different control measures in place and their rate of usage on building projects. On the other hand, the literature survey sheds light on the types of accidents on building projects and their respective control measures with methodologies for accidents’ preventions. Reccomendations based on the findings of the two surveys are outlined in the paper.
- ItemOpen AccessMaterials wastage: causes and their contributions’ level.(Proceedings of CIB-2008-Transformation through Construction, Dubai., 2008) Oladiran O.J.This study investigates the existence of certain predetermined causes of materials wastage and their degree of contributions to materials waste generation (MWG) in building projects. The population of the study consists of construction professionals in building projects in Lagos state, Nigeria. The survey involves the usage of a designed questionnaire to elicit information from the targeted population via convenience sampling method. The data were analysed using frequency, mean score and t-test. The research confirms the existence of all the predetermined causes of materials wastage in Nigerian building projects. It also reveals that these causes contribute significantly to MWG but at different level on Nigerian building projects. Poor supervision contributes most to materials waste generation while bulk purchases is least among all the causes. The study therefore recommends that practitioners should be cognizant of these causes of materials waste and introduces measures to curb them to minimize MWG.
- ItemOpen AccessSustainable values in construction projects through waste management plan: Private and Public organizations’ perspectives.(Hong Kong Institute of Value Management, 2008) Oladiran O.J.Sustainable values can be generated and enhanced in construction projects by minimizing waste generation. Previous works have shown that waste management plan (WMP) can minimize waste, thereby generating and enhancing development sustainably. This study aims at finding out the possibility of enhancing sustainable values in Nigerian construction projects through the usage of WMP from public and private organizations’ perspectives. The population of the study is construction professionals in construction companies in Lagos State, Nigeria. It involves the usage of a designed questionnaire to gather information for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used for the analysis. The study reveals that WMP has high impact on waste reduction and hence can generate or enhance sustainable values in construction projects. A recipe of important factors for the achievement of these values by WMP is shown in the study; and there is no significant difference between private and public organizations on their opinions about the importance of these factors. The study also sheds light on the content-composition of WMP to generate these values. However, it reveals that “special handling disposal of hazardous waste” is the most important in formulating WMP for public projects and least for private projects. Finally, recommendations for implementation of WMP and its contents for both private and public projects to enhance sustainable values are outlined in the paper.
- ItemOpen AccessTHE PRACTICE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION SITES IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors, 2008) Ajayi O.M.; Koleoso H.A.; Soyngbe A.A.; Oladiran O.J.Increasing waste generation on construction sites has become a topic of environmental concern in the metropolis. Most construction and demolition waste are not recycled but end up in landfills or dumps which occupy valuable land. Landfills are costly and dumps particularly are unsightly and are sources of environmental hazards; hence a study on waste management practice with a view to minimizing waste generation and encouraging recycling becomes important. The study used questionnaires, 40 of which were fully filled and returned. The data obtained were analyzed using average index. The study indicates that, demolition, renovation and material handling were mostly implicated in waste generation, and that dumping and landfills are some of the current methods being adopted in the disposal of construction waste within the state, industry best practice methods like recycling and re-use are less frequently used just as open-air burning, and incineration are least often adopted. In conclusion, the study recommends that site supervisors be educated on how waste due to materials handling should be minimized, also that manufacturers of materials should have a basic standard for sizes of materials to prevent cutting wastage. It also suggests that sanctions be introduced to discourage poor waste disposal practices and encourage recycling
- ItemOpen AccessOPTIMIZATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR WASTE REDUCTION ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN NIGERIA(Proceedings: International conference on innovation in Architecture, Engineering and construction, Antalya, Turkey., 2008) Oladiran O.J.Several millions of tonnes of waste are generated in the construction industry annually. This rate is alarming because it is in multiples of household waste production. Construction industry gives less concern to waste reduction due to the complex nature of reuse and recycling which is a top priority in curbing waste generation. Effective implementation of waste management plan (WMP) is a major means of reducing waste on construction projects. A waste management plan represent waste issues on the map and identification of existing waste problems is of top priority; it then pinpoint the volume of waste for reduction, salvage, reuse or recycling. This study focuses on the use of waste management plan at construction sites in Nigeria. A survey was conducted on a sample of construction companies in Nigeria using convenience-sampling technique. In the paper, the most important factors that underlie effective implementation of WMP is staff training and it reveals ten items that should form the content of a good WMP. The paper suggests that practitioners should be cognizant of the factors discover in this research for implementing WMP and to ensure that WMP consist all the contents identified in the study to reduce waste on construction projects.
- ItemOpen AccessLean-in-Nigerian construction: state, barriers, strategies and “go-to-gemba” approach.(IGLC-16, 2008) Oladiran O.J.Lean-in-Construction, which is alien to Nigerian construction process, offers valuable techniques to manage construction at improved workflows and minimal waste generation. This paper therefore examines the exportation of lean to the Nigerian construction process by exploring the practitioners’ extent of knowledge and scope of application of lean techniques. However, the survey research involving ten companies via quota sampling technique and personal interviews is based on Toyota production principles only i.e. lean production. The paper reveals key strategies for absorption of lean with approaches to build and improve on JIT and concurrent design and construction in Nigeria. It therefore recommends these suggested-strategies for the entrenchment of lean in Nigerian construction process to combat waste generations and enhance workflows.
- ItemOpen AccessESSENTIAL SKILLS FOR MAINTENANCE MANAGERS IN PUBLIC HOSPITAL BUILT ENVIRONMENT: NIGERIA CASE STUDY.(Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors, 2008) Adenuga O.A.; Odusami K.T.; Oladiran O.J.; Farinloye O.O.The research investigated the maintenance management practice in public hospital buildings in South-west, Nigeria, and in the process, identified the essential skills for maintenance managers in a hospital built environment and users satisfaction with the maintenance work. A total of 552 questionnaires comprising 206 for maintenance staff and 346 for users of public hospital building were collected and used for study. The survey covered 46 public hospitals representing 40% of the total number of existing public hospitals in South-west, Nigeria. The study comprises all the 11 federal owned hospitals and 35-selected state owned in South-west, Nigeria based on stratified random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using mean item score, and spear-rank correlation coefficient. Findings of the study revealed that in public hospitals in South- west, Nigeria, the staff strength of the maintenance departments is inadequate and the maintenance staffs are inexperience on hospital maintenance management. Majority of the users of public hospital buildings do not have access to any formal training on effective use of hospital facilities. The most important skills considered necessary for an effective maintenance manager in executing maintenance operations in public hospitals according to the study are professional experience, intelligence, good communication, good qualification and human relation skill. Based on the above findings, the study recommends that management should ensure that the head of maintenance department has the required maintenance managers’ attitude success factors before appointing them rather than being political in their selection. Management should ensure that both the management and all the staffs are given adequate training for effective use of the building and the services.
- ItemOpen AccessCauses And Minimization Techniques Of Materials Waste In Nigerian Construction Process.(Fifth International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century (CITC-V), Turkey, 2009) Oladiran O.J.A major characteristic of average construction sites in Nigeria is the presence waste materials in various forms and large quantities. This culminates to inter alia, high construction costs and great hindrance to affordability of good houses to the citizens. In this regard, a survey research was embarked on; it focuses on identifying the causes of materials waste incidence and their various minimization techniques in Nigerian construction process. The population of the study is the construction professionals in selected firms in Nigeria. It involves the usage of a designed questionnaire administered via convenience sampling technique. Certain predetermined causes coined from literatures are included in the questionnaire while open-ended questions are employed to elicit the actual materials waste minimization techniques in the firms. Descriptive statistics tools are used to analyze the data. The study reveals causes of materials waste as: uneconomical shape of materials and components due to design; building failure/defects; workers’ mistakes; theft; vandalism; inconclusive specifications; estimators’ errors; ineffective communication; unfamiliarity with alternative products; design changes; lack of proper supervision; loading and unloading of materials; various forms of materials’ packaging; substandard materials; poor site layout; misinterpretation of drawings; poor site conditions; setting out errors; and improper transportation of materials. It also sheds light on the materials waste minimization techniques as: materials inspections on arrival on sites; documentations of materials in and outflows; adherence to design details; effective communications; good transportation systems for materials; good storage facilities; training of storekeepers/site personnel; reuse of materials; daily stock taking; usage of materials requisition booklets; ensuring sub-soil investigations before projects commence; and regular site meetings. Conclusions are made based on these findings in the study. However, the study recommends that practitioners should employ all the techniques discovered in the study to minimize materials waste in their projects. This study will therefore contribute to materials waste minimization both in Nigerian and global construction processes.
- ItemOpen AccessTHE USAGE AND CONTRIBUTIONS OF CONSTRUCTION WASTE MINIMIZATION STRATEGIES.(AEC, 2010) Oladiran O.J.Nigeria and USA differ in many ways; for instance, USA is a developed country and Nigeria is under developed. It has also been observed that Nigeria is one of the producers of best electrical cables for construction works in the world. A comparison of the two scenarios in both countries was done on the usage of waste minimization strategies (WMS), aimed at revealing areas of adjustments in both countries to enhance construction waste minimization. The study also investigates the use of 21 predetermined WMS and their contributions in Nigeria alone. The research areas are Lagos State in Nigeria; Texas and Ohio States in USA. The population of the study is construction professionals within the research areas. A well-structured questionnaire administered via convenience sampling technique, which resulted to 40-sample size, was used to gather data for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics tools were used to analyze the data. The study reveals that WMS exist and are ‘always’ used in all the construction organizations investigated in USA; while they exist in 72% of the organizations investigated in Nigeria and are ‘always’ used in just 26% of them. Also, 93% and 32% of the organizations consider the usage of WMS at the pretender stage in USA and Nigeria respectively. Similarly, WMS have ‘very high’ and ‘high’ impacts in 43% and 57% respectively in USA’s organizations; while it is 10% and 50% respectively in the Nigerian organizations. Site supervision and control is the most used strategy while designing-out waste is the least used in Nigerian construction projects. Also, site supervision and control; and effective communications make equal and highest contributions to waste minimization among all the 21 strategies. The study recommends that practitioners in the Nigerian construction industry should increase the usage of WMS and considers them at the pretender stage to effectively minimize waste on their construction projects. In addition, site supervision and control; and effective communications should also be employed.
- ItemOpen AccessIMPLEMENTATION OF WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN:IMPORTANCE, CONTENTS, PROCEDURES, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS.(AEC, 2010) Oladiran O.J.Waste management plan (WMP) is an innovative approach for waste minimization. Its usage in Nigerian projects is not rampant and with little benefits. The concept and practice of WMP is not detailed and elaborate in Nigeria as in some developed countries such as USA and UK. An inquiry into the concept and procedures for implementation of WMP in selected countries will be beneficial to construction projects in Nigeria and like countries. This research proposes to identify the various problems associated with the implementation of waste management plans (WMP) and a recipe of solutions to these problems to facilitate its usage in Nigerian construction projects. It also to examine the importance of WMP, contents and procedures for its implementation from previous works in some countries. A research methodology, consisting of a literature review and a field study, was designed to achieve the research objectives. The literature review investigated the importance of WMP; its contents and procedures for appropriate implementation in San Mateo, Los Angeles, UK and Nigeria. The field survey involves the usage of a questionnaire administered to the targeted population involving private and public construction companies in Nigeria through convenience sampling technique. Data were retrieved and coded manually from the questionnaires after they were returned. These data were tabulated and frequency count was used to identify the rate of occurrence of the problems and the usage of the solutions suggested. As many as 18 respondents suggested 22 problems facing the implementation of WMP while 16 respondents proffered 22 solutions to these problems. Nine out of the 18 respondents who submitted the problems suggested cost/capital involved in executing WMP while ten out of the 16 respondents who proffered solutions posit education/training/ enlightenment of staff on WMP as solution. It is also discovered that various governments in the world are recognizing the importance of and the need for WMP on construction projects. The study therefore recommends inter-alia that intensive awareness and training programmes for staff of construction companies be embarked on to combat these problems of implementation of WMP on construction projects in Nigeria as it is done in other countries investigated.
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of the Determinant Factors of Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Maintenance Approaches to Housing: A Perspective of Owner-occupiers and Tenants(2011-09) Abisuga, O.; Adenuga, O.; Farinloye, O.The study assessed the practice of do-it-yourself (DIY) maintenance as a means of improving housing stock in Lagos state. The study identified the factors influencing and militating against the practice. In achieving the set objectives, the study adopted research survey technique. A total of 300 questionnaires comprising 160 for owner-occupiers and 140 for tenants were administered for the study. The population was selected from fifteen (15) local government areas in Lagos state, based on stratified random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study revealed that the factors influencing the practice of do-it-yourself (DIY) maintenance are; to provide a habitable environment, to retain the performance of facilities amongst others while the factors militating against the practice are; jobs involving special skills, health and safety issues, lack of technical know-how amongst others. The hypotheses postulated reveal that there is an association between the factors influencing the practice of do-it yourself (DIY) maintenance by the owner-occupiers and the tenants. There is also an agreement between the factors militating against the practice as perceived by the owner-occupiers and the tenants. Based on the findings, the study recommends vocational training for building users, building products should be user’s friendly, provision of DIY manual for products and tools that will facilitate the practice amongst others.
- ItemOpen AccessCAUSES AND MINIMIZATION STRATEGIES OF WASTAGES IN SELECTED BUILDING MATERIALS(Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Gqeberha, South Africa, 2012) Oladiran O.J.Materials wastage is a common feature in many building sites and poses great challenges to the construction industry globally. Some materials are known for their high level of waste incidence from one site to the other. Cement, concrete, timber and steel are materials that account for over 50% of the cost of materials in any project. It is opined that a reduction in the wastages of these specific materials will result to low construction cost amongst other benefits. This study investigates the causes and minimization strategies of wastage in these four materials on building sites in Nigeria. The population of the study is construction professionals in organizations in Lagos State, Nigeria. The survey research involves the use of a questionnaire administered via convenience sampling techniques, which resulted to a sample size of 31. Descriptive and inferential statistics tools are used for the analysis. The study reveals that improper storage contributes most to cement, timber and steel wastages while that of concrete is improper batching. Good storage, purchase of good quality cement, ordering required quantity and proper bagging were highlighted for minimizing cement wastage. The study recommends usage of the strategies discovered in this study to curb wastage incidence.
- ItemOpen AccessSLUM DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING NEEDS: A CASE STUDY OF IWAYA SLUM IN LAGOS STATE(2014) Kukoyi, A.; Kukoyi, P.O.; Nduka, D.; Igwe, J.It has been upheld that, slum development in urban cities is as a result of urban poverty and intra-city inequality. Although, it has been asserted that most people who live in slums are poor; conversely, not all slum dwellers are poor. This study seeks to investigate the factors influencing housing needs of people residing in slums, using Iwaya in Lagos state, Nigeria, as a case study. In order to achieve the study‘s objective, survey was adopted. Using semi-structured interviews, the factors influencing housing needs of slum dwellers was investigated towards unearthing these current and festering issues. The findings reveal that finance and social status are not the only factors influencing people‘s choice to live in slums. Therefore, it is recommended that stakeholders need to develop an all-inclusive framework in order to eradicate slums or upgrade the living conditions of slum dwellers. However, full details of generalizable factors are yet to emerge and needs to be further explored, especially as the threat of slums remains unresolved.
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of Risks Associated with The Procurement of Facilities Management Services in Nigeria(CIB W107 2014 International Conference, 2014) Faremi, J.O; Adenuga, O.A; John, I.B; Akinbode, A.TFacilities management (FM) services can be managed in-house, outsourced or partly in house and partly outsourced (Hybrid). Each of the FM procurement options possesses inherent risks of grave consequences. This study aim at assessing risks inherent in each of the procurement options for FM services. A structured questionnaire was used as the principal instrument for this study. 75 copies of structured questionnaires were distributed, 55 were completed and returned representing 73% response rate. Data for the study was processed and analysed using SPSS for both descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis revealed risks with the highest level of potential occurrence in in-sourcing FM services as low labour productivity, overstaffing and poor accountability. While, threat to data security, loss of management controls and poor motivation are major risks in outsourcing FM services. This studv concludes that poor accountability and loll' labour productivity are major risk factors that cuts across all FM procurement routes that is capable of affecting employees' relationship and passion for work. Performance reward and regular account reconciliation are therefore recommended since this can either reinforce an outsourcing relationship or enhance an in-house retaining of FM services.
- ItemOpen AccessFACTORS AFFECTING MAINTENANCE COST OF INSTITUTIONAL BUILDINGS(2014) Faremi, Julius Olajide; Adenuga, Olumide; John, Iniobong BeautyBuilding maintenance management in institutions and organisations with sizeable building assets is a complex and multi-faceted process that involves planning, directing, controlling and organizing resources for the sustenance of the building’s physical, functional and operational performance. The purpose of this research work is to propose ways of optimizing maintenance expenditure of institutional buildings in Nigeria. Based on review of literatures, factors impacting maintenance costs were categorized into four categories comprising of; building characteristics, political factors, technical and administrative factors respectively. A questionnaire survey of maintenance departments’ staff of tertiary institutions in Lagos State was conducted and the data were analyzed using the statistical packages for social science (SPSS). The study reveals the predominant factors affecting maintenance costs of institution buildings to include; age, floor area and vertical spread of buildings, poor building designs, improper coordination of incorporated building services and deferred maintenance. The study recommends a review of maintenance policies for institutional buildings with a view to equipping the maintenance organisations with competent hands and skilled personnel to handle maintenance activities of critical systems and services in institution buildings.
- ItemOpen AccessCONSTRUCTION PROFESSIONALS’ PERCEPTION ON THE AWARENESS, APPLICATION AND BENEFITS OF MATERIAL WASTE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES IN NIGERIA.(CIB, 2014) Oladiran O.J.Several studies have been done on materials waste management all geared towards pinpointing waste origins and minimization processes. It has been opined that waste quantities need to be determined before attempting to minimize materials wastage. Accurate determination of materials waste quantities depend largely on the techniques and methods employed for its quantification. This study investigates Material Waste Measurement Techniques (MWMT) among professionals in the Nigerian construction industry. The objectives are to investigate the awareness and usage of MWMT, factors that hinder their application, the impact of the techniques on construction cost and their benefits. The population of the study is construction professionals in construction organizations and convenience sampling technique was used to draw a sample size of 60. Descriptive statistics tools were used to analyze the data. The study sheds light that component index has the highest impact on construction cost; non-challant attitudes of contractors towards waste is topmost among the factors that hinders the usage of MWMT ; while determination of actual amount of materials wastage is the chief benefits of MWMT. The study recommends improvement in the usage of MWMT to determine waste volume of construction projects in Nigeria. The study will contribute significantly to the management of materials wastages on construction projects.
- ItemOpen AccessTHE TRAINING AND EDUCATION OF BUILDING SERVICES PROFESSIONALS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY(2014-01) Kukoyi, P.O.Challenges’ currently facing the construction industry is skill mismatch. Shortage of professionals in the building services subsector have led to the influx of inadequately trained persons. One of the major problems the society is facing today is the issue of homes, schools and offices having a poor indoor environmental quality. This leads to ill-health, learning difficulties and poor productivity often reported by occupants. Human beings spend about 70-80% of their time indoors this implies the need for a healthy indoor environment. This study aims to understand the training provisions of building services professionals in Nigeria. Mixed method research approach will be employed. The case study will in part, comparatively evaluate the Nigerian and UK building services curricula by collecting information on the curricula in use, semi-structured interviews with professionals to gain an understanding based on their experience and questionnaires to identify relationships and trends in training provisions. A framework for educating and training of building services professionals will be proposed to improve the performance and efficiency of the built environment. The study is part of an ongoing PhD programme aimed at finding solutions to the industry’s Building services problems in Nigeria and presented at this stage in theory prior to data collection.