Department of Nursing

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    Open Access
    Antenatal Care Services Utilization and Factors Influencing it Among Pregnant Women in a Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
    (College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, 2020) Ademuyiwa, IY; Faronbi, JO; Oyediran, OO; Erondu, CU
    The services rendered and make the ANC services skilled health-care professionals to pregnant women affordable and accessible. and adolescent girls in order to ensure the best health conditions for both mother and foetus during Keywords: Utilization, Antenatal Care Services, pregnancy. ANC services help pregnant women and Influencing Factors, Pregnant women. care providers to identify early, complications associated with pregnancy. This study assessed level of Introduction utilization of ANC services and also identified factors Antenatal care(ANC) is an important influencing its utilization among Pregnant Women at component of reproductive health. ANC is the care Lagos University Teaching Hospital in Lagos, Nigeria provided by skilled health-care professionals to .A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted pregnant women and adolescent girls in order to ensure among 182 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic the best health conditions for both mother and baby at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH) in during pregnancy1.The components of ANC include: Lagos, Nigeria. Data was collected using a structured risk identification; prevention and management of self-administered questionnaire and analysed pregnancy-related or concurrent diseases; and health descriptively and inferentially using Statistical education and health promotion1. ANC reduces Package of Social Science SPSS version 20. Results maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality both showed that majority of the respondents (81.4%) had directly, through detection and treatment of pregnancy good level of utilization of ANC services. Availability related complications, and indirectly, through the of facilities (81.4%), affordability of ANC services identification of women and girls at increased risk of (75.4%), waiting time (70.1%), attitude of the developing complications during labour and delivery, healthcare providers (59.9%), Schedule of ANC clinic thus ensuring referral to an appropriate level of care. (58.7%) and accessibility of ANC services (59.3%) Also, as indirect causes of maternal morbidity and were the factors influencing utilization of ANC mortality, such as HIV and malaria infections, services by the pregnant women. There was no contribute to approximately 25% of maternal deaths statistically significant association between and near-misses, ANC also provides an important respondents' level of utilization of antenatal services opportunity to prevent and manage concurrent diseases and their socio-demographic characteristics (Age: x2 = through integrated service delivery1. 10.719, P =0.153, educational qualification: x2 = Antenatal care services help pregnant women 0.735, P =0.692 and Income monthly: x2 = 5.868, P by identifying complications associated with the =0.118. The study concluded that there was high level pregnancy or diseases that might adversely affect the of utilization of ANC services among the women. pregnancy. Some researchers identified socio- Affordability and accessibility of ANC services were demographic characteristics, geographic area, attitudes the major factors influencing utilization of ANC towards pregnancy, and negative attitudes towards services among pregnant women. Therefore, the management should look into the cost of Antenatal care (ANC) is the care provided by the services rendered and make the ANC services skilled health-care professionals to pregnant women affordable and accessible.
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    Open Access
    Assessing the Need for School Clinic During an Outbreak of Covid-19 Pandemic in Nigeria
    (Sryahwa publications, 2020) Olowolafe, AS; Oyebade, OO; Ademuyiwa, IY; Olowo, BF
    School clinic provides the strongest pillar for academic activities and it strengthen health care system of the nation. This study was to assessing the need for school clinic during an outbreak of covid-19 pandemic in Nigeria. The target populations of study were students of primary and secondary school in Nigeria. A descriptive of non-experimental survey approach was used to select hundred (100) respondents using convenience non-probability sampling technique. Assessing the Impacts of the School Clinic on Academic Performance on Selected Secondary Schools (AISCAPS) questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Tables of Frequency and percentage scores were used to describe data findings while the research questions were analyzed. The findings showed that treatment that the students received in school clinic promote their academic performance (71%), drugs stocked in the school clinic cupboard are used for immediate treatment of emergency situation (66%), and drugs were available for sick students for effective teaching and learning process (66%). The result also showed that students gained access to a good source of health information (59%), students’ concords that health needs influence their academic performance (57%), and the students who stayed in good physical health (59%). The study equally showed that the students utilized the school clinic for an illness (78%), students received adequate health information from the school clinic (75%). The study recommended that government should ensure establishment of school clinic in all government school both in rural and urban area and government should ensure regulation standard of school clinic.
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    Open Access
    Assessment of Knowledge and Perception of Senior Secondary School Students Towards Nursing as a Career Choice for Men in Selected Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Texila American University, 2018-04) Folami, FF; Ademuyiwa, IY; Ajibola, AO
    The number of men in nursing has remained low despite the many benefits and opportunities associated with the profession. Currently, males make up only 6.6% of the three million nursing professionals in the United States. The study assessed the knowledge and perception of secondary school students towards nursing as a career choice for men in selected Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was carried out on 293 respondents. A multi staged sample technique was used to select study participants. Results revealed that majority of respondents (91.4%) knew nursing as a profession and 88.9% knew that a legal certificate was required to practice nursing, Respondents generally demonstrated a good knowledge of Nursing. There was also a general positive perception towards Nursing as a career (93%). Even thou there was a positive perception towards nursing as a career choice for men generally (53%), half (50.2%) of the students in this study disagreed that nursing was a career choice for female only. Thirty-seven (37%) percent of the students stated that nursing was not a masculine type of career for males to pursue. Also, 65.6% of respondents agreed that nursing was more appropriate for females because they are more caring. There is a need for secondary school students to be aware of what nursing as a profession entails and that gender is not a determining factor of being a better nurse.
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    Open Access
    Assessment of Self-Reported Practice Regarding Kangaroo Mother Care Among Nurses in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (CJAR & TWCMSI International, 2020-11) Ojo, EA; Ademuyiwa, IY; Ope-Babadele, OO; Peretomode, EA
    In Nigeria, there is a high prevalence of preterm and low birth weight infants, with 16% of new-borns being low birth weight and 12% born preterm. This could be as a result of their practice regarding mother care. Hence, this research study assessed self-reported practice regarding kangaroo mother care among nurses in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study specifically investigated nurses’ self-reported practices of kangaroo mother care; and determined factors influencing nurses’ practice of kangaroo mother care. The research design utilised was a descriptive survey design. The population for this study comprised nurses working at the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of the selected health facilities in Lagos State. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the 130 nurses working at the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of the selected health facilities. The survey instrument was the Kangaroo Care Questionnaire (KCQ) which was modified and adapted for local language use. The instrument was presented to experts of Tests and Measurement, and Nursing Education to ascertain the face and content validity of the instrument and confirm relevance to the area of research. The number of copies of questionnaire distributed were 130 but 125 were returned giving a response rate of 96.2%. The data collected were analysed using SPSS version 20 via descriptive statistics. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents 73(58.4%) never practiced KMC, 33(26.4%) reported sometimes practicing KMC and 19(15.2%) indicated they regularly practice KMC. The practice of KMC is limited due to factors such as fear of impending technological aspects of neonatal care, inadequate staffing and facilities and family reluctance to engage in this practice. It was recommended among others that Government, through the Ministry of Health, should address the challenge of inadequate human resources and facilities which impede KMC implementation.
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    Open Access
    Awareness and prevention of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at a University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
    (Scientific Scholar, 2020) Ademuyiwa, IY; Ayamolowo, SJ; Oginni, MO; Akinbode, MO
    Objectives: During pregnancy, the fetus requires iron for blood formation so does the mother, this increases the iron requirement which is higher than that of non-pregnant women. This study assessed the level of awareness and prevention of anemia among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 182 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at LUTH in Lagos, Nigeria. A balloting system was done to select the respondents in the clinic that runs 4 times a week, with an estimated number of 70 pregnant women per clinic. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and analyzed with the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 22. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis, Chi-square test was done for the association between the variables at P < 0.05 level of significance. Ethical approval was obtained from the Human Research Ethical Committee of LUTH with approval number (ADM/DCST/HREC/APP/2589). Informed consent was taken and respondents were reassured of the privacy and confidentiality of the information obtained. Results: The highest percentage (33.3%) of the respondents was within the range of 26–30 years with a mean age of 28.18 ± 0.84 years. Majority of the women had a good level of awareness of anemia (68.89%) and good overall practices (73.89%) of prevention of anemia in pregnancy. There was no significant relationship between the respondents’ level of awareness of anemia and its prevention (χ2 = 1.533, P = 0.216). Conclusion: The study has shown that even though awareness and prevention practices were good, there is a need to create more awareness among pregnant women and also to give adequate health education on prevention of anemia to produce favorable outcome in pregnancy for both the child and mother.
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    Open Access
    Awareness and satisfaction with antenatal care services among pregnant women in Lagos state, Nigeria
    (Scientific Scholar, 2021) Ademuyiwa, IY; Opeke, RO; Farotimi, AA; Ejidokun, A; Olowe, AO; Ojo, EA
    Objectives: Despite the growing interest and efforts by government to make popular use of antenatal care (ANC) services in Nigeria as recommended by the World Health Organization, high level of infant and maternal mortality remains a major public health challenge facing the country. Dissatisfaction toward ANC services among pregnant women may be attributed to low level of awareness. This study assessed the level of awareness and satisfaction of ANC services among pregnant women in Lagos state, Nigeria. Material and Methods: The study adopted a survey research design. A multistage sampling technique was utilized to recruit participants for this study. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical approval was obtained from Babcock University Health Research Ethics Committee with approval no: BUHREC543/17. Approval was also obtained from health service commission and in the six general hospitals used for the study. Informed consent was taken and respondents were reassured of the privacy and confidentiality of the information obtained. Results: The results showed that most of the respondents (85.6%) were in their reproductive years, that is, ages 23–37. The results showed that the level of awareness had a significant influence on pregnant women’s satisfaction with the services (β = 0.460, F(1,1313) = 351.499, R2 = 0.211, P < 0.05). The level of awareness of ANC services was high (M = 4.31, SD = 1.01) on a scale of 5. Conclusion: The study concluded that awareness of ANC services positively impacts pregnant women’s satisfaction with the services in Lagos state. Efforts should be made to improve the level of awareness of pregnant mothers to achieve greater satisfaction with ANC services in Lagos state.
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    Open Access
    The Burden of Caring for Renal Patients: The Nurses Perspective
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Mobolaji-Olajide, OM; Amira, OC; Ademuyiwa, IY; Arogundade, FA; Duke, E
    Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Nigeria is on the increase and it is associated with increasing caregiving burden for both the professionals and informal caregivers. This study evaluated the burden experienced by nurses caring for CKD patients, identified the procedures causing the caregiving burden and factors associated with burden in two hospitals in Ondo State, Nigeria. Two hundred and forty nurses caring for renal patients were selected from two health institutions in Ondo State. Information on sociodemographic data was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. The burden of care was evaluated using the Zarith Burden of Life Instrument (ZBI), with aggregate score ranged from 0–88. A score of 21–40 indicates mild-tomoderate burden while a score >40 indicates high burden. The mean age of the respondents was 33.7 ± 7.5 years (age range: 20–67 years). Forty percent experienced no burden, 48.3% experienced mild-to-moderate burden, 10.4% experienced severe burden while only 1.3% experienced very severe burden. Dialysis procedure (65.5%) was identified as posing the greatest caregiving burden. Factors identified as responsible for caregiving burden were shortage of staff (68%), followed by lack of funds on the part of the patients (67.1%). Caregiving burden was not associated with age, gender, or years of experience. Prevalence of caregiving burden was very high among the respondents and dialysis was identified as causing greatest burden. Government should fund and improve staffing of dialysis units to reduce caregiving burden.
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    Open Access
    Challenges, And Nurses’ Job Performance in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Cross River State Nigeria
    (Sumerianz Publication, 2019) Oyira, EJ; Ndiok, AE; Ademuyiwa, IY
    Nurses play major roles in the health care delivery system caring for patients but despite how important their contributions are not much has been done to make their working conditions favorable, consequently they are forced to practice under unfavorable conditions and this negatively influences their level of motivation, morale and productivity. The purpose of the study was to assess challenges, and nurses’ job performance in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar Cross river state. The following specific objectives were set; to ascertain the extent to which low remuneration influences nurses job performance, to ascertain the extent to which shortage of nursing staff influences nurses job performance, to ascertain the extent to which lack of equipment and materials influences nurses job performance, 3 research questions where developed in line with the research objectives. Extensive literature review of the 3 variables was done and the theoretical framework adopted for the study was the Herzberg two factor theory of motivation. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study and the convenient sampling technique was used in selecting 240 respondents using the Taro Yamane’s formula. Data was obtained using a 27 item structured questionnaire constructed in line with the research question which was duly validated and reliability ensured. Data obtained was analyzed using Statistical software package (SPSS) and result gotten was presented using tables, and percentages. Result from the analysis showed that 80% of the respondents supported the view that low remuneration negatively influenced nurses job performance, 90% of the respondents supported the notion that shortage of nursing staff negatively affects the quality of care nurses render,96.2% agreed with the opinion that regular equipment and material where needed to enable nurses execute their duties effectively,95.8% supported the view that innovation in nursing is essential to improve more quality of care nurses render and 81.4% supported the view that barriers such as lack of support from management, lack of interest by nurses, resistance to change, financial constraint ,shortage of nursing staff etc, hindered the progress of nurses led innovation. Findings from the study also revealed that there was a significant relationship between shortage of nursing staff and nurses led innovation. Based on these findings, the researcher recommended that government provides adequate funding to health care facilities for procurement of equipment and materials, ensure regular employment of nurses, ensure increment in salaries and allowances of nurses, and provide adequate funding of researches to nurses.
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    Open Access
    Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice among Mothers Attending Infant Welfare Clinic in Obafemi Owode Primary Health Centres, Ogun State, Nigeria
    (Quest Journals, 2021) Akinpelu, FB; Ademuyiwa, IY
    Exclusive breastfeeding is one of the strategies to improve nutritional status and growth in children. This is due to the fact that feeding infant exclusively with breastmilk only for the first six months of life avert major causes of neonatal illnesses and death. Hence, the main objective of this study is to examine the determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice among mothers attending infant welfare clinic, in Obafemi Owode Primary health centers Ogun State. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design and multistage sampling technique was used for the study. The sample consisted of 420 respondents’ selected using convenient sampling technique. The instrument used for data collection was a self-developed structured questionnaire with reliability index of 0.78. Data collected were analysed using percentages, frequencies, chi-square and regression. The result shows high level of respondent knowledge 285 (67.9%) about EBF, 292 (69.5%) of the respondents has positive attitude while 333(50.9%) demonstrated good practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Determinants of exclusive breastfeeding practice identified from the study were knowledge, attitude and cultural practices. The finding further revealed that there is a statistically significant relationship between level of knowledge, attitude, cultural beliefs of respondents and practice of EBF with p- value of 0.000 at 0.05 level of significance. In conclusion, there is need for nurses and midwives to always evaluate mothers knowledge about and attitude towards exclusive breastfeeding during antenatal visit and encourage continuous education and reiteration of the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding at every point of contact with the mothers to improve EBF practice.
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    Open Access
    Effect of a nurse-led secondary stroke prevention intervention on medium-term stroke outcome in a teaching hospital in Nigeria: A quasi-experimental study
    (Wolters Klumer - Medknow, 2021) Ademuyiwa, IY; Okubadejo, NU
    Background: Mortality and morbidity attributable to stroke remain high in developing countries. Secondary prevention of stroke can reduce recurrence using targeted interventions addressing modifiable risk factors. This study assessed the effect of a nurse‑led secondary stroke prevention intervention on compliance to lifestyle, diet, clinic and physical therapy attendance, and drug compliance over the medium‑term poststroke. Methods: The study utilized a case (interventional group)–control (noninterventional group) quasi‑experimental design. Sixty consenting acute stroke patients surviving till discharge were consecutively recruited into the study and conveniently assigned to either group in a 1:1 ratio. Recruitment was conducted over the initial 3 months of the study. The intervention group received standardized intensive in‑person counseling for cases and designated caregivers at discharge. This means that, apart from standardized intensive in-person counseling for cases and designated caregivers at discharge. There was additional telephone calls and weekly short messages to the intervention group in-order to reinforce information and communication during followup. The nonintervention group received discharge instructions provided by the managing physician only. Outcome assessment was conducted at 9 months post stroke. Results: The study recruited 39 (65%) males and 21 (35%) females. The mean age of participants in intervention group was 55.0 ± 14.5 years, while it was 56.0 ± 11.2 years in the nonintervention group. Other demographic parameters were similar between both the groups. At the end of the follow‑up period of 9 months, compliance with lifestyle and diet modification, clinic and physical therapy attendance, and drug compliance was statistically significantly higher in the intervention compared to the nonintervention group (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the potential utility of a nurse‑led intervention incorporating targeted lifestyle risk modification on compliance to strategies aimed at reducing stroke recurrence. Adoption of this task shifting/sharing strategy is recommended.
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    Open Access
    Effect of antenatal education on knowledge and utilization of facilitybased delivery services among pregnant women in two health institutions in Alimosho, Lagos state
    (publisher and licensee Medip Academy, 2020) Orji, UO; Ademuyiwa, IY
    Background: Facility-based delivery care is an essential component of maternity care. Overtime, its under-utilization despite improvement in antenatal attendance has become a public health concern in Nigeria. To assess the effect of antenatal education on the knowledge and utilization of facility-based delivery services among pregnant women in primary health facilities in Alimosho, Lagos. Methods: Quasi-experimental design of 2 groups pre- and post-intervention was adopted and through multi-staged sampling techniques, 128 participants were selected but 117 completed the study. Self-developed structured questionnaire with reliability index of 0.76 was used for data collection. The intervention package was antenatal education package on benefits and components of delivery services. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 statistical package. Results: The mean age of participants in control and experimental groups was 32.3±9.60 and 34.7±8.21 years respectively. Findings revealed moderate knowledge mean score (control- 54.97±10.52; experimental-52.14±11.09) and low pre-intervention utilization mean score (control 13.33±3.41; experimental-13.17±4.21). Findings also showed significant improvement on post-intervention mean knowledge score of 52.14±11.09 versus 104.75±5.56 and a significant difference in post-intervention utilization (p=0.000) and follow-up (p=0.013) on the experimental group. Conclusions: The study concluded that the antenatal education programme had positive effect on the pregnant women’s knowledge and utilization of health facility delivery services, therefore, there is need to strengthen and intensify antenatal education at all levels of healthcare using appropriate teaching techniques.
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    Open Access
    Effect of Nursing Intervention on Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus among Pregnant Women Attending Selected General Hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria
    (Texila American University, 2020) Ademuyiwa, IY; Abiodun, TR; Owopetu, CA; Sowunmi, CO
    Inadequate knowledge of Diabetes mellitus (DM) in Pregnancy among diabetic pregnant women could lead to poor skill about self-care, failure to seek timely medical attention and failure to follow medical prescriptions, which could lead to complications and sometimes death of mother and/or fetus/baby. This study seeks to assess the effect of nursing intervention on Knowledge of DM among diabetic pregnant women attending two general hospitals in Lagos Island, Lagos State, Nigeria. This study utilizes one group pretest- posttest experimental research design. The purposive sampling technique and total enumeration sampling size method that included seventy-five participants were used for the study. Instrument for data collection consisted of seven demographic data and forty- two (42) test questions. The study was carried out in three sessions: pre-intervention, intervention and the evaluation sessions over a period of six weeks. Paired t test was used to determine significance level between pre and post-intervention knowledge. Ethical approval and consent were obtained from Babcock University Health Research Ethical committee and Lagos State Heath Service Commission respectively. The results revealed that most of the participants were between the ages of 21 and 45 (88%); most of them had tertiary education (70.7%); most of them (57.3%) had family history of DM. Results also revealed that pre-intervention knowledge among diabetic women was poor (0.28) and the post intervention knowledge was good (0.83). Paired t test results (t= 36.20, p = 0.000) revealed a significant difference between pre-intervention and post-intervention knowledge. This shows that nursing intervention was effective.
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    Open Access
    Effect of Training on Knowledge, Perception and Risk Reduction Regarding Infection Control among Nurses in Selected Teaching Hospitals in Nigeria
    (Wolters Klumer - Medknow, 2019-10) Farotimi, AA; Ajao, EO; Nwozichi, CU; Ademuyiwa, IY
    Background: Healthcare workers, especially nurses, are at a high risk of infection. By complying with infection control measures, a lot of infections can be prevented. This study examined the effects of a training program on knowledge, perception, and risk reduction regarding infection control among nurses. Materials and Methods: This study adopted a pretest–posttest quasi‑experimental design. The samples consisted of 87 participants comprising 42 nurses in the experimental group and 45 nurses in the control group. The instruments used for data collection were a questionnaire on knowledge about infection control and a questionnaire on perception about infection control. Results: Findings showed that the mean (SD) age in the experimental group was 34.92 (8.99) whereas that of the control group was 47.43 (6.60). The mean (SD) years of experience in the experimental group was 10.42 (9.95) years whereas in the control group it was 21.89 (8.72) years. Findings further revealed that 26 participants (62.90%) in the postintervention group had high knowledge level compared to the preintervention where none had high knowledge. A significant difference was observed between the mean perception score on infection control in the experimental and control groups (t = 17.12; p = 0.001). Conclusions: This study has shown that a training program is very effective and that all nurses should be exposed to infection control training to equip them with the necessary knowledge and skills with which to fight against the spread of infection in the healthcare setting.
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    Open Access
    Effectiveness of training program on attitude and practice of infection control measures among nurses in two teaching hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria
    (Wolters Klumer - Medknow, 2018) Farotimi, AA; Ajao, EO; Ademuyiwa, IY; Nwozichi, CU
    BACKGROUND: Infection control has become a major concern in the health‑care system and health‑care workers, particularly nurses are at high risk of infection. This study, therefore, examined the effect of a training program on attitude and practice of infection control among nurses in two tertiary hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study adopted a pretest–posttest quasi‑experimental design. The sample consisted of 87 participants. The experimental group consisted of 42 registered nurses from Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ogun state, Nigeria, while the control group consisted of 45 registered nurses from Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was attitude toward components of infection control questionnaire (r = 72) and practice of infection control questionnaire (r = 76). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS Inc. Chicago IL, USA). RESULTS: Findings showed that the mean age in the experimental group was 34.92 ± 8.9 while the control group was 47.43 ± 6.6. The average years of experience for the experimental group were 10.42 ± 9.9 while that of the control group were 21.89 ± 8.7. Responses on attitude showed that 30 participants (69%) had positive attitude in the experimental group compared to 21 participants (46.7%) in the control group. The mean difference was 4.02. Significant difference was observed between mean attitude score of participants in the experimental group and control group (P = 0.03), between mean practice score (P = 0.001), and between self‑reported and observed practices (P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The training was effective in improving attitude and practice of infection control. Adequate provision of structured training programs on infection control measures is recommended.
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    Open Access
    Evaluation of Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV Services in Selected Health Facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria
    (Texila American University, 2020) Ajayi, IF; Ademuyiwa, IY; Owopetu, CA
    Introduction: Prevention of Mother-to-Child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is a global response to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV which can occur in-utero, during childbirth or during breastfeeding, specific services rendered to HIV positive pregnant women are crucial in preventing vertical transmission, therefore, this study evaluated Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission of HIV services in selected health facilities in Lagos State, Nigeria. Method: The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The sample size was 19 health facilities in Lagos state, a multi stage sampling procedure was used to select the samples. Two instruments were used for data collection, observational checklist and past records of PMTCT activities of the participating facilities from January 2017 to December 2019. The checklist was pre tested with a reliability coefficient of 0.96. Analysis of data was done using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results: The findings show that in all the selected health facilities 92.8% of the structures in terms of equipment/supplies were available and functional. majority of the health care providers listed were available, there was availability of recommended PMTCT services in all selected health facilities, it was also revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between the available structure and PMTCT services (r =.347; p = 0.0146 < .05). Conclusion: The availability of PMTCT structures, resources, equipment/supplies and service providers have significant influence on prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV services provision. Also, PMTCT services have influence on the final outcomes of exposed infants.
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    Open Access
    Evaluation of the Knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus among pregnant women attending General Hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria
    (Texila American University, 2020) Abiodun, TR; Ademuyiwa, IY; Owopetu, CA; Sowunmi, CO
    Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy is an increasing epidemiological health issue. Good knowledge about the disease condition could prevent the onset of the disease in some cases as well as prevent its associated complications in most cases. The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge of Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy and identify areas of deficient knowledge among diabetic pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Island maternity and Onikan general hospitals in Lagos Island, Lagos, Nigeria. A quantitative cross-sectional approach was adopted in this study. Total enumeration method of sample size and purposive sampling techniques were also used while number of participants was seventy-five (75). The instrument included demographic information and test question on DM in pregnancy. Cronbach’s alpha value for self-reliability index of the instrument was 0.86. Ethical approval and consent were received from Babcock University Health Research Ethical committee (BUHREC) and Lagos State Heath Service Commission respectively. All the respondents were married (100%). There were more respondents (57.3%) with a family history of diabetes. Overall knowledge mean score on DM in pregnancy was poor (11.87 ± 0.42). Knowledge mean score on meaning of DM in pregnancy was good (0.91), however, knowledge means score was poor on the causes of DM in pregnancy (0.92 ± 0.06); risk factors (1.91 ± 0.04); Types (1.92 ± 0.10); signs and symptoms (2.48 ± 0.10). Based on these findings, education intervention for the improvement of knowledge of diabetic pregnant women on DM in pregnancy is required to stem its increasing prevalence.
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    Open Access
    Factors determining sanitation information‑seeking behavior: A literature review
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2016) Fagbemiro, OO; Ademuyiwa, IY; Soyemi, OD; Ojo, AO
    This paper reviewed various assessments by different authors on sanitation information‑seeking behavior of people in various areas and setting. Databases were used in the search for relevant academic published articles including Google Scholar and Google search engine. Articles for the review were drawn from peer‑reviewed journals. Moreover, conference papers and research by recognized independent institutions. This review showed that factors determining sanitation‑seeking behavior could be seen in various contexts: Economical, environmental, technological, and psychosocial. Therefore, the effective utilization of sanitation information will depend on social structures, level of education, cultural beliefs and practices, economic, government, and environmental conditions. Sanitation is the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with hazards of waste as well as the treatment and proper disposal of sewage and wastewater. Strategic policy formation in the society should be based on information relating to sanitation, cleanliness, health promoting, and information‑seeking behavior.
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    Open Access
    Fear of Susceptible to Infectious Disease Experienced among the Hospitalized Patients in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar
    (Texila American University, 2020) Oyira, EJ; Opiah, MM; Ademuyiwa, IY
    This study sought to investigate the fear of susceptible to infectious disease experienced among the hospitalized patients in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital. Two research questions one hypothesis were used. Do hospitalized patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar have fear of susceptibility to infectious disease? What support do hospitalized patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar received from family. The hypothesis states that; there is no significant relationship between fear among hospitalized patients and the support they received from family members. Literature was reviewed based on the research variables. The research instrument used in collecting data for analysis was a questionnaire administered to one hundred (100) hospitalized patients in University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar. Their responses were analyzed using frequencies, percentages and Pearson product moment correlation analysis and the following results were obtained, Results in Table 3 indicated that 68(68%) of the respondents agreed that they have received a significant support from their family members during the period of their hospitalization while 32(32%) disagreed. 24(24%) said the financial support they received from family members was too minimal while 76(76%) said it was not. 78(78%) agreed that their family members frequently visited them while 22(22%) disagreed. The above data, therefore, showed that hospitalized patients in UCTH, Calabar received both moral and financial support from family members. In line with the views expressed by the patients. It was recommended that more nurses should be employed to help avoid contacting the communicable disease. This implies that, the nurses would be able to manage two patients at a time instead of taking care of a large number of patients.
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    Open Access
    Knowledge and Practice of Hand Hygiene among Undergraduate Nurses in College of Medicine University of Lagos
    (American Research Institute for policy Development, 2019) Ademuyiwa, IY; Farotimi, AA; Afolabi, WA; Quadri, YO
    Background: Hand hygiene practices of health care workers have been shown to be an effective measure in preventing hospital infections. Despite the simplicity of the procedure, health care providers‟ compliance with hand hygiene is poor. Objective: To assess the knowledge and compliance of hand hygiene practice among undergraduate nurses in CMUL. Materials and Methods: The study adopted descriptive cross-sectional study. World Health Organization Hand Hygiene Questionnaire for Health Care Workers was administered to elicit information from the respondents and analysis was done using SPSS version 21.Categorical variables were tested for statistical significance using chi-square at 0.05 p-values. Results: One hundred and forty-one (141) respondents had a good knowledge of hand hygiene compliance, 51 (36.2%) of the respondents demonstrated good practice of hand hygiene compliance while 90 (63.8%) of the respondents‟ practice of hand hygiene compliance was poor. There was a statistically significant association between the respondent‟s academic level and knowledge on hand hygiene compliance (p< 0.001) and between the respondent‟s knowledge and practice on hand hygiene compliance (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that academic level and knowledge of respondents positively impacts on compliance with hand hygiene practices. Therefore, undergraduate nursing curriculum should emphasis this important infection control technique.
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    Open Access
    Knowledge and Practice of Personal Hygiene among School Children in Magboro Community, Ogun State
    (Bayero University Press, 2020) Olowe, AO; Ademuyiwa, IY; Baiyeri, OE
    Background: Good knowledge and practice of personal hygiene plays a major role in the reduction of the burden of communicable diseases. When school children are well informed, it will not be difficult for them to put into practice healthy behaviors that will promote healthy living. Hence, the need to carry out a research study on the knowledge and practice of personal hygiene among school children in selected primary schools. Aim: The study assessed the knowledge of personal hygiene and its practice among primary school children in Magboro Community, Ogun State. Methods: This study adopted descriptive research design and a self -developed questionnaire was used to elicit information from 315 school children in selected private primary schools in Magboro, Ogun State. Results: Findings from this study showed that 198(66.0%) school children had good knowledge while 259 (86.3%) had good practice on personal hygiene. Association was seen between the school children’s grade level and knowledge (p = 0.000); between the grade level and the level of practice (p = 0.018); and between knowledge and practice (0.000). Conclusion: Majority of the school children had good knowledge and practice on personal hygiene. However, the school management should endeavour to continue to imbibe in teachings of personal hygiene in order to improve and maintain high level of knowledge and practice amongst the school children.